torn 


Supplementary 


Nutting 

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UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA 
LOS  ANGELES 


GIFT  OF 

U.C.   Library 


A  SUPPLEMENTARY 


LATIN  COMPOSITION 


BY 
H.   C.   NUTTING,   PH.D. 

INSTRUCTOR   IN    LATIN,   UNIVERSITY   OF  CALIFORNIA 


ALLYN    AND    BACON 

Boston  ant)  Cfjtcago 


COPYRIGHT.    1901, 
BY  H.  C.   NUTTING. 


Xorfaoofi 
J.  8.  Cuihing  &  Co.  —  Berwick  It  Smith 
Norwood  Man.  U.S.A. 


PREFACE. 

As  its  title  implies,  this  manual  is  designed,  not  to 
take  the  place  of  books  based  on  the  old  methods  of 
Latin  Composition,  but  to  supplement  them.  The 
need  for  such  a  supplement  has  seemed  apparent  to 
me  in  my  visits  to  secondary  schools. 

The  two  most  common  methods  of  study  are  (1)  the 
use  of  sentences  based  on  a  text  to  which  the  student 
has  access,  and  (2)  grammatical  reviews  in  which  the 
Avork  is  arranged  according  to  topics.  A  student  put 
to  the  test,  after  completing  one  or  both  methods,  will 
generally  be  found  lacking  in  concrete  knowledge ;  the 
first  method  gives  too  much  help,  and  the  second  is  so 
long  in  its  completion  that  many  points  are  forgotten 
before  the  end  is  reached. 

As  a  corrective  for  this  state  of  affairs,  chance  col- 
lections of  examination  papers  are  often  used,  but  this 
is  not  a  wholly  satisfactory  expedient.  This  book 
offers  a  substitute  in  the  shape  of  examination  papers 
which,  in  a  small  compass  and  systematically,  cover 
the  ninety-one  points  of  Latin  syntax  outlined  in 
the  following  Grammatical  Introduction.  The  sen- 
tences, for  the  most  part,  are  based  closely  upon  the 
Orations  and  Philosophical  Works  of  Cicero.  The 
division  into  Lessons  is  one  of  convenience  merely ; 
the  real  units  are  the  Parts.  Each  of  the  six  Parts 


49G138 


iv  Preface. 

gives  the  student  a  chance  to  illustrate,  at  least  once, 
all  the  points  outlined  in  the  Grammatical  Introduc- 
tion, thus  providing  for  six  complete  examinations  on 
the  essential  principles  of  Latin  grammar.  The  order 
in  which  the  principles  occur  varies  from  Part  to 
Part,  as  does  also  the  guise  in  which  they  appear,  the 
aim  being  to  make  the  student  recognize  the  construc- 
tions on  their  own  merits,  with  a  minimum  of  outside 
help.  Where  it  seemed  necessary,  a  reference  to  the 
Grammatical  Introduction  has  been  given.  The  hints 
on  vocabulary  in  the  footnotes  should  be  followed, 
for  the  principle  to  be  illustrated  sometimes  depends 
upon  the  use  of  the  word  suggested. 

If,  as  one  Part  is  completed,  the  student  be  required 
to  put  special  study  on  the  places  where  he  has  shown 
weakness,  before  passing  to  another,  he  ought,  at  the 
end  of  the  work,  to  have  a  grasp  on  the  essential 
principles  of  Latin  Syntax.  To  some,  this  ideal  may 
seem  too  low,  but  those  whose  duty  it  is  to  look  over 
papers  presented  at  college  entrance  examinations 
would  not  be  sorry  to  find  a  large  decrease  in  the 
number  of  those  who  think  that  the  infinitive  is  the 
mode  of  purpose  in  Latin  and  that  ut  and  the  sub- 
junctive is  the  proper  form  for  indirect  discourse. 

I  am  deeply  indebted  to  Professor  C.  E.  Bennett  for 
helpful  suggestions  on  the  Grammatical  Introduction. 


H.  C.  NUTTING. 


BERKELEY,  CALIFORNIA, 
August,  1901. 


LATIN  COMPOSITION. 


GRAMMATICAL    INTRODUCTION. 
SYNTAX  OF   THE   CASES. 

I.  Accusative  Case. 

1.  Extent  of  Time  and  Space.  (I1 

Note  that  this  construction  occurs  with 
the  participle  naius  in  expressions  of  age. 

B.2 181 ;  G.  334  ff. ;  A.  256-257 ;  H.  417. 

2.  Double  Accusative.  (2 

Used  with  verbs  of  Teaching,  Asking, 
Demanding,  and  Concealing  (celo).  In 
the  passive,  the  accusative  of  the  person 
becomes  the  subject,  and  the  accusative 
of  the  thing  is  retained. 

B.  178;  G.  339;  A.  239.  2.  c;  H.  411. 

3.  Accusative  of  Result  Produced  (in  its  use 

as  Cognate  Accusative).  (3 

B.  176.  4;  G.  333.  2 ;  A.  238  and  6;  H. 
409. 

4.  Accusative  of  Exclamation.  (4 

B.  183;  G.  343.  1;  A.  240.  d;  H.  421. 

1  In  the  Lessons,  references  are  made  to  the  Grammatical 
Introduction  according  to  the  marginal  figures  at  the  right. 

2  These  abbreviations  refer  respectively  to  the  grammars  of 
Bennett,   Gildersleeve,    Allen   and   Greenough,   and   Harkness 
(Complete  Edition). 

1 


2  Latin   Composition. 

II.  Dative  Case. 

1.  Indirect  Object  with  Transitive  Verbs.  (5 

B.  187.  I. ;  G.  345 ;  A.  225 ;  H.  424. 

2.  Indirect  Object  with  Intransitive  Verbs.  (6 

Such  as  signify  '  to  favor,  help,  please,' 
etc. 

B.  187.  II.  a ;  G.  346 ;  A.  227 ;  H.  426. 

(a)  Impersonal  construction  in  the  pas- 
sive, and  dative  retained.  (7 

B.  187.  II.  6;  G.  346.  R.  1 ;  A.  230;  H. 

426.  3. 

(6)  Verbs  compounded  with  ad,  ante,  con, 
etc.  (8 

B.  187.  III. ;  G.  347;  A.  228;  H.  429. 

3.  Dative  of  Reference.  (9 

B.    188.  I.;    G.  350  ff . ;    A.  235;    H. 
425.  2. 

(a)  Expressing  Separation.  (10 

B.  188.  2.  d;  G.  347.  R.  5;  A.  229;  H. 
429.  2. 

4.  Dative  of  Possessor.  (11 

B.  190 ;  G.  349 ;  A.  231 ;  H.  430. 

5.  Dative  of  the  Agent.  (12 

Regularly  used  with  the  gerundive ; 
generally  with  the  compound  tenses  of 
the  passive  voice. 

B.  189  ;  G.  354-355 ;  A.  232  and  a ;  H. 
431. 


Latin   Composition.  3 

(a)  Direct  Agency  expressed  also  by  the 
Ablative  with  a  or  ab.  (13 

B.  216 ;  G.  401 ;  A.  246 ;  H.  468. 

(6)  Intermediate  Agency,  expressed  by 
the  Accusative  with  per.  (14 

G.  .401 ;  A.  246.  b ;  H.  468.  3. 

6.  Dative  of  Purpose  (Service).  (15 

Much  used  in  connection  with  another 
dative  of  the  person. 

B.  191.  2 ;  G.  356 ;  A.  233.  a ;  H.  433. 

7.  Dative   with   Adjectives  denoting  Fitness, 

Nearness,  Likeness,  etc.  (16 

B.  192 ;  G.  359 ;  A.  234 ;  H.  434. 

III.   Genitive  Case. 

1.  Possessive  Genitive. 

(a)  meus,  tuns,  etc.,  used  for  the  possessive 
genitive  of  personal  and  reflexive  pronouns.      (17 
G.  362.  R.  1 ;  A.  214.  a.  2 ;  H.  440. 1.  N.  2. 

(6)  Possessive  genitive  in  the  predicate 
when  the  subject  of  the  sentence  is  an 
infinitive.  (18 

B.  198.  3;    G.  366.   K.  2;    A.  214.   d; 
H.  439.  5. 

2.  Genitive  of  Quality  or  CJiaracteristic.  (19 

Must  have  a  modifier;  often  in  the  predi- 
cate; applied  generally  to  permanent  or 
essential  characteristics. 

B.  203. 1.2;  G.  365 ;  A.  215 ;  H.  440.  3. 


Latin   Composition. 

3.  Genitive  of  Value  or  Price.  (20 

Verbs  of  Buying  have  the  price  ex- 
pressed by  the  genitive  only  in  the  case 
of  tantl,  fjuanti,  pluris,  and  minoris ;  other- 
wise the  ablative  is  used.  Other  genitives 
also,  as  pann,  magni,  etc.,  are  found  with 
Verbs  of  Valuing. 

B.  203.  3.  4;   G.  379;  A.  252.  a.  b;   H. 
448.  1  and  4. 

4.  Genitive  of  the  Whole  (Partitive  Genitive).      (21 

B.  201 ;  G.  367;  A.  216;  H.  441. 
(a)  Nostrum  and  vest  mm,  Genitives  of  the 
Whole ;  nostrl  and  vestri,  Objective.  (22 

B.  242.  2;    G.  364.  R.  ;   A.  99.  b.  c;    H. 
175.  2. 

5.  Genitive  with  Adjectives.  (23 

Mostly  Objective ;  sometimes  of  Refer- 
ence (Specification). 

B.  204 ;  G.  374 ;  A.  218 ;  H.  450. 
(a)  With  similis.  (24 

Genitive  commonly  used  when  the  ref- 
erence is  to  living  objects ;  both  genitive 
and  dative  of  inanimate  things. 

B.  204.  3 ;    G.  359.  N.  4 ;   A.  234.  d.  2 ; 
ft.  435.  4.  x. 

6.  Genitive  uith  Verbs. 

(a)  Of  Remembering  and  Forgetting.  (25 
B.  206;  G.  376;  A.  219;  H.  454. 

(b)  Of  Judicial  Action.  (26 
B.  208 ;  G.  378  ;  A.  220 ;  H.  456. 


Latin   Composition.  5 

(c)  With  Impersonal  Verbs,  such  as  miseret.     (27 
B.  209;  G.  377;  A.  221.  6;  H.  457. 

(d)  With  Interest  (and  Refert).    '  (28 

Referring  to  the  first  or  second  person, 
either  verb  is  used  with  med,  tua,  etc. ;  so 
also  with  the  reflexive  sua.  Referring  to 
the  third  person,  interest  is  used  with  the 
genitive. 

B.  211 ;  G.  381 ;  A.  222 ;  H.  449. 

IV.   Ablative  Case. 

1.  Ablative  of  /Separation.  (29 

A  preposition  is  used  when  the  ablative 
denotes  a  person,  and  when  the  verb  is 
compounded  with  ab,  de,  dis,  se,  or  ex. 

B.  214;  G.  390;  A.  243;  H.  461. 

2.  Ablative  of  Source.  (30 

B.  215 ;  cf .  G.  395 ;  A.  244 ;  H.  467. 

3.  With  a  Comparative.  (31 

To  be  used  only  when  the  first  of  the 
things  compared  is  in  the  nominative 
or  accusative  case. 

B.  217;  G.  398;  A.  247;  H.  471. 

4.  Ablative  of  Accompaniment.  (32 

Cum  is  regularly  used  with  this  abla- 
tive; may  be  omitted  in  military  phrases 
when  the  noun  is  modified  by  something 
else  than  a  numeral. 

B.  222;  G.  392;  A.  248.  a;  H.  473.  1. 


Latin   Composition. 

5.  Ablative  of  Quality  or  Characteristic.  (33 

Must  have  a  modifier.  In  many  cases 
not  to  be  distinguished  from  the  corre- 
sponding use  of  the  genitive ;  it  is  also 
used  of  bodily  characteristics. 

B.  224;  G.  400;  A.  251 ;  H.  473.  2. 

6.  Ablative  of  Manner  and  of  Attendant  Cir- 

cumstance. (34 

'  Manner '  is  differentiated  from  '  At- 
tendant Circumstance '  by  the  fact  that  it 
is  regularly  restricted  to  abstract  words, 
e.g.  celeritate,  virtute,  etc.  An  Ablative  of 
Manner  requires  cum,  unless  the  noun  has 
an  attribute. 

B.  220-221 ;  G.  399 ;  A.  248 ;  H.  473,  3. 

7.  Ablative  of  Cause.  (35 

B.  219;  G.  408;  A.  245;  H.  475. 
(a)  With  gauded,  laetor,  doled,  etc.  (36 

B.  219.  1 ;  G.  408 ;  A.  254.  b ;  H.  475. 

8.  Ablative  of  Means.  (37 

B.  218;  G.  401;  A.  248.  c;  H.  476. 
(a)  With  utor,  fruor,  etc.  (38 

B.  218. 1 ;  G.  407 ;  A.  249  and  N.  ;  H.  477. 
(6)  With  opus  (rarely  usus).  (39 

B.  218. 2 ;  G.  406 ;  A.  243.  e ;  H.  477.  III. 

(c)  With  Verbs  of  Abounding  and  Adjec- 
tives of  Plenty.  (40 
B.218.8;  G.405;  A.  248.  c.  2;  H.  477.  II. 


Latin   Composition.  1 

(d)  Ablative  of  Price.  (41 

Under  this  heading  are  included  magno, 
plurimo,  parvo,  minima,  which  express  In- 
definite Price. 

B.  225;  G.  404;  A.  252;  H.  478. 

(e)  With  contentus,  fretus,  praeditus.  (42 

B.  218.  3 ;   G.  401.  x.  6 ;   A.  254.  6.  2 ; 
H.  476.  1. 

9.    Ablative  of  Degree  of  Difference.  (43 

B.  223;  G.  403;  A.  250;  H.  479. 

10.  Ablative  of  Specification.  (44 

B.  226;  G.  397;  A.  253;  H.  480. 

(a)  With  dignus  and  indignus.  (45 

B.  226.  2 ;   G.  397.  x.  2;  A.  245.  a;    H. 
481. 

(b)  Supines  in  -u.  (46 

B.  340.  2;  G.  436  and  x.  2 ;  A.  303;  H. 
635. 

11.  Ablative  of  Place  Wliere.  (47 

Preposition  is  omitted  when  the  noun 
is  modified  by  such  adjectives  as  lotus,  om- 
nitt,  etc.,  and  when  the  idea  is  figurative 
rather  than  literal. 

B.  228 ;  G.  385,  388-389 ;  A.  254,  258  / 
2 ;  H.  483,  485.  1.  2. 

12.  Ablative  of  Time  When  and  Within  Which.      (48 

B.  230-231 ;  G.  393;  A.  256;  H.  486. 


8  Latin   Composition. 

(«.)  Dating.  (49 

If  the  English  date  coincides  with  the 
Kalends,  Nones,  or  Ides,  the  Ablative  of 
Time  When  is  used.  If  it  falls  on  the 
day  before  any  of  these,  prldie  or  (in)  ante 
diem  is  prefixed  to  the  accusative.  Other 
dates  are  reckoned  as  '  so  many  days  before 
the  Kalends,'  etc.,  and  are  commonly  writ- 
ten in  an  abbreviated  form  ;  e.g.  VIII  Kal. 
Oct.  After  finding  the  real  number  of 
days  between  the  date  in  question  and  the 
Nones,  Ides,  or  Kalends,  it  is  necessary  to 
add  one  day,  for  the  Romans  counted  the 
day  at  both  ends  of  a  period  of  time.  It 
should  be  noted  that  the  Kalends  are  the 
first  day  of  the  month  following  the  one 
in  which  the  date  falls;  i.e.  for  purposes 
of  dating,  June  1,  for  instance,  is  May  32. 

B.  371 ;  G.  Appendix ;  A.  376 ;  H.  754. 
13.   Ablative  Absolute.  (50 

B.  227 ;  G.  409  ;  A. 255 ;  H.  489. 

V.    Motion  to  and  from  Towns  and  Small  Islands  ; 
also  Domus  and  Rus. 

(a)  Limit  of  Motion.  (51 

'  Into  the  neighborhood  of  '  may  be  ex- 
pressed by  ad  and  the  accusative. 

B.  182;  G.  337;  A.  258.  b  and  N.  2;  H. 
418-419. 

(6)  Motion  From.  (52 

B.  229.  1 ;    G.  391 ;    A.  258.  a ;    H.  462 
and  4. 


Latin  Composition.  9 

SYNTAX   OF   THE   VERB. 

I.  Subjunctive  in  Independent  Sentences. 

1.  Non-interrogative. 

(a)  Volitive  Subjunctive  in  its  Hortatory, 
Jussive,  and  Concessive  uses.  (53 

B.  274-275;  G.  263;  A.  266;  H.559. 
(6)  Optative  Subjunctive.  (64 

B.  279 ;  G.  260-261 ;  A.  267 ;  H.  558. 
(c)  Potential  Subjunctive.  (55 

B.  280;   G.  257-258;   A.  311;    H.  552, 
555,  556. 

2.  Interrogative. 

(a)  Deliberative  Subjunctive.  (56 

B.  277 ;  G.  265 ;  A.  268 ;  H.  559.  4. 

(6)  Repudiating  or  Rejecting  Questions.1      (57 

These  are  questions  of  indignation  or 
surprise,  in  which  the  speaker  rejects  the 
wish  or  thought  of  another,  usually  in  his 
own  behalf;  more  rarely,  he  speaks  for 
another  person. 

B.  277 ;  G.  259,  558 ;  A.  268 ;  H.  559.  5. 

II.  Prohibitions.  (58 

The  common  form  is  noil  (nolite)  with 
the  infinitive;  cave  ne  with  the  subjunc- 
tive is  sometimes  used. 

B.276;  G.  271-272;  A.  269.  a  ;  H.  561. 
1  Most  grammars  make  57  a  subordinate  class  of  56. 


10  Latin  Composition. 

III.  Substantive  Clauses. 

1.  Of  Result  (59 

With  verbs  of  Bringing  to  Pass,  Hap- 
pening,  aud  Following. 

B.  297;  G.  553;  A.  332;  H.  571. 

2.  Developed  from  the  Volitive. 

(a)  With  qudminus  and  quln  after  Verbs 
of  Hindering  and  Preventing.  (60 

B.  295.  3;  G.  549,  554;    A.  331.  e.  2, 
332.  <y ;  H.  568.  8,  595.  2. 

(6)  After  Verbs   of   Admonishing,  Com- 
manding, etc.  (Substantive  Purpose).  (61  a 
B.  295;  G.  546;  A.  331 ;  H.  565. 

3.  Developed  from  the  Optative. 

(a)  After  Verbs  of  Wishing  and  Desiring 
(Substantive  Purpose).  (61  b 

B.  296.  1;  G.  546;  A.  331;  H.  £65. 

(b)  Following  Verbs  of  Fearing.  (62 
B.  296.  2 ;  G.  550 ;  A.  331  /. ;  H.  567. 

IV.  Purpose  and  Result. 
1.    Purpose. 

(a)  Ui,  ne,  quo,  and  <jui,  followed  by  the 
subjunctive.  (63 

Quo  is  generally  chosen  when  there  is 
a  comparative  in  the  purpose  clause. 

B.  282;  G.  545;  A.  317;  H.  568. 

(b)  Supine  in  -um  after  Verbs  of  Motion.       (64 
B.  340;  G.  435;  A.  302;  H.  633. 


Latin   Composition.  11 

(o)  Gerundive  and  Gerund.  (65 

Genitive  of  either,  with  causa  or  aratid. 
Accusative  of  the  gerundive  with  ad ; 
gerund  so  used  only  when  the  verb  is 
intransitive. 

B.  339.  2  and  6;  G.  544.  R.  2;  A.  318; 
H.  626.  3,  628. 

2.   Result.  (66 

Subjunctive  introduced  by  ut,  ut  nun, 
and  qui. 

B.  284;  G.552;  A.  319;  H.  570. 

V.   Conditional  Sentences. 

1.  Nothing  implied  as  to  the  reality  of  the  sup- 

posed  case  (Simple  or  Logical  Condi- 
tions). (67 

B.  302 ;  G.  595 ;  A.  306-307 ;  H.  574. 

(a)  When  the  subject  is  the  indefinite 
second  singular  the  present  or  perfect  sub- 
junctive is  used  in  protasis.  (68 

B.  302.  2 ;   G.  595.  R.  3 ;  A.  309.  a ;  H. 
578,  2. 

2.  Supposed   case   represented   as    contingent 

(Less   Vivid  Future  or  Ideal  Condi- 
tions). (69 

B.  303 ;  G.  596 ;  A.  307.  2 ;  H.  576. 

3.  Supposed  case  represented  as  contrary  to 

fact  (Unreal  Conditions).  (70 

B.  304 ;  G.  597 ;  A.  308 ;  H.  579. 


1 2  Latin   Composition. 

VI.  Concession. 

1.  Cum  with  the  Subjunctive.  (71 

B.  309.  3 ;  G.  603 ;  A.  326 ;  H.  598. 

2.  Quamvis,  licet,  ut,  and  ne  tvith  Subjunctive.      (72 

B.  309.  1  and  4;   G.  606-608;   A.  313; 
H.  586.  II. 

3.  Quamquam  (and  tametsi)  with  the  Indica- 

tive. (73 

B.  309.  2 ;  G.  604-605 ;  A.  313.  c  and  e ; 
H.  586.  I. 

VII.  Causal  Constructions. 

1.  Cum  with  Subjunctive.  (74 

B.  286.  2 ;  G.  586 ;  A.  326 ;  H.  598. 

2.  Quod,  Quia,  and  Quoniam  with  the  Indica- 

tive and  Subjunctive.  (75 

B.  286 ;  G.  539 ;  A.  321 ;  H.  588.  I,  II. 

VIII.  Time  Relations. 

1.  Postquam,  Ubi,  and  Ut  with  the  Indicative.      (76 

B.  287;  G.  561-563;  A.  324;  H.  602. 

2.  Cum  with  the  Indicative  and  Subjunctive.        (77 

B.  288;  G.  580,  585;  A.  325;  H.  600. 

3.  Antequam  and  Priusquain  with  the  Indica- 

tive and  Subjunctive.  (78 

B.  291 ;  G.  574-577 ;  A.  327 ;  H.  605. 


Latin  Composition.  13 

4.    Dum,  D^onec,  and  Quoad  with  the  Subjunc- 
tive. (79 

This  mode  is  used  when  suspense  or 
design  is  involved. 

B.  293.  III.  2 ;  G.  572 ;  A.  328 ;  H.  G03. 
II.  2. 

IX.  Indirect  Discourse. 

1.  Infinitive  and  Subject  Accusative.  (80 

B.  314;  G.  650;  A.  336.  1;  H.  642. 

2.  Tenses  of  the  Infinitive.  (81 

B.  270;  G.  529;  A.  336.  3;  H.  617  ff. 

3.  Subjunctive  in  Subordinate  Clauses.  (82 

B.  314;  G.  650;  A.  336.  2;  H.  643. 

4.  Conditional  Sentences  in  Indirect  Discourse.      (83 

B.  319  ff. ;  G.  656  ff. ;  A.  337 ;  H.  646- 
648. 

X.  Miscellaneous. 

1.  Conditional  Clauses  of  Comparison  with 

Quasi,  Tamquam,  etc.  (84 

Though  the  conditions  are  contrary  to 
fact,  Latin  generally  chooses  the  present 
and  perfect  subjunctive  if  the  sequence 
allows. 

B.  307;  G.  602;  A.  312;  H.  584. 

2.  Proviso  ivith  Dum,  Dummodo,  and  Modo.       (85 

B.  310;  G.  573;  A.  314;  H.  587. 


14  Latin  Composition. 

3.  Quln  with  the  Subjunctive  after  Negatives 

and  Interrogatives  implying  a  Negative.      (86 

Under  this  heading  are  included  the 
uses  of  quln  which  do  not  come  under  60  ; 
the  subjunctive  expresses  characteristic  or 
result;  sometimes  the  ^Bin-clause  follows 
such  expressions  as  non  dubito. 

B.  233.  4,  284.  3;  G.  555.  2,  556,  632; 
A.  319.  d ;  H.  595. 

4.  Subjunctive  of  Characteristic.  (87 

B.  283;  G.  631;  A.  320;  H.  591. 

5.  Subjunctive  of  Indirect  Question.  (88 

B.  300 ;  G.  467 ;  A.  334 ;  H.  649.  II. 

6.  Subjunctive  by  Attraction.  (89 

B.  324 ;  G.  663 ;  A.  342 ;  H.  652. 

7.  Impersonal   Use  of  Intransitive   Verbs  in 

Gerundive  Construction.  (90 

A  transitive  verb  rarely  follows  the 
same  rule. 

B.  339.  4 ;   G.  427.  N.  4 ;    A.  294.  c.  x. ; 
H.  621.  2. 

8.  Gerund  and  Gerundive  used  in  Noun  Con- 

structions. (91 

B.  338-339 ;  G.  425.  27  ;  A.  297  ;  H.  625. 


PART   I. 


LESSON    1. 

1.  Youths  enjoy  these  pleasures.  2.  He  is  aging 
(lit.  is  old)  in  body,  but  not  in  mind.  3.  It  will  be 
agreeable  to  both  of  us.  4.  May  the  immortal  gods 
avert  this !  5.  Caesar  returned  from  home  happily.1 
6.  The  cause  of  Sulla  does  not  appeal  (lit.  is  not  pleas- 
ing) to  all.  7.  If  some  god  should  grant2  it  to  me,  I 
should  refuse.  8.  He  remembers  to  whom  he  is  in 
debt.3  9.  I  am  afraid  that  he  will  come.  10.  Old 
age  takes  us  away  from  business.4  11.  He  was  associ- 
ated5 with  Catiline.  12.  There  will  be  a  slaughter  of 
good  (men)  on  Sept.  10th.  13.  Do  not  think  that  I 
shall  be  here.  14.  Tiberius  Gracchus  reigned  a  few 
months.  15.  Cease  to  think6  of  fire  and  slaughter. 

LESSON    2. 

1.  Though  (cum)  he  was  augur,  he  dared  to  say  this. 

2.  Within  a  few  days  he  will  be  made  high-priest. 

3.  He  waged  war  when  he  was  an  old  man.     4.  Be- 
fore I  commence  to  speak  of7  the  state,  I  shall  say  a 

1  fellx.  2  laryior.  3  debeo.  *  res  yerendae. 

6  coniunctus.  Introd.  32.  (Reference  is  made  to  the  Gram- 
matical Introduction  according  to  the  numbers  at  the  right 
margin.)  6  obUvlscor.  7  de. 

15 


16  Latin  Composition. 

few  words  about  Antony.  5.  They  said  they  were 
bearing  a  load  heavier  than  a  mountain.  <>.  Most 
pleasant  is  the  old  age  of  those  who  are  cherished  l  by 
the  young.  7.  He  was  summoned  to  court2  by  his 
sons,  that  they  might  accuse  him.  8.  Old  age  does 
not  prevent  us  from  retaining3  a  love  of  the  coun- 
try. 9.  I  never  assented  to  these  words.  10.  He 
thought  so  highly 4  of  Tiberius  that  he  went  with  him. 
11.  Exercise5  has  preserved  a  measure  (lit.  something) 
of  Caesar's  strength.  12.  He  rules  over  people 6  who 
possess  gold.  13.  He  is  a  man  of  great  strength. 

14.  Cicero  bought  these  things  for  90,000  sesterces. 

15.  You  perceive  already,  though  (tametsi)  I  have  not 
told  you  all.       16.  He  advances,  relying  on  the  senate. 

LESSON  3. 

1.  Rashness7  is  (characteristic)  of  youth,  prudence 
of  old  age.  2.  Caesar  accomplished  much8  greater 
and  better  (results).  3.  I  beg  you  to  remain  in  this 
town.  4.  Are  you  waiting  till  we  cast  you  out  ? 
5.  From  Thessaly  he  returned  victorious9  to  Brundi- 
sium  with  the  legions.  6.  Then  the  old  man  is  said 
to  have  read  a  book.  7.  He  says  he  would  not  have 
reached 10  the  gate,  if  he  had  stopped  "  at  Brundisium. 
8.  Good  men  should  be  counted 12  happy,  even  though 

1  colo.  2  in  indicium  voco.  3  Introd.  60. 

4  Forms  of  puto  and  tantus.     Introd.  20. 

6  exercitatio.        7  temcritds.          9  victor.  n  sitbsistu. 

6  is.  ea.  id.          8  Introd.  43.       10  perveniu  rul.  12 


Latin   Composition.  17 

(quamvls)  their  strength  may  have  failed.1  9.  There 
is  no  one  from  whom2  I  may  learn._/~10.  I  should 
prefer  to  be  upright3  and  poor  rather  than  evil  and 
rich.  11.  With  what  valor  did  Fabius  take  Taren- 
tum !  12.  He  does  not  wish  his  death  to  be  marked 
by  (lit.  abound4  in)  lamentation.  13.  If  you  are  dis- 
gusted5  with  such  citizens,  show  (it).  14.  This  must 
be  borne  with  resignation6  by  the  wise.  15.  Noth- 
ing is  so  like  death  as  sleep. 

LESSON  4. 

1.  Death  is  easy  for  the  old.  2.  Peace  was  con- 
firmed through  his  agency 7  and  (that  of)  his  children. 
3.  Philo  never  exalted 8  himself  over  friends  of  lower 
rank.9  4.  They  thought  it  to  their  interest10  to  appear 
grateful.  5.  Sulla  was  in  a  part  of  Italy  that  was 
free  from  suspicion.  6.  A  few  days  before  his  death 
he  spoke  on  immortality,  just  as  though11  he  knew  he 
would  soon  die.  7.  Let  us  examine  these  matters. 

8.  They   brought   in   an   old   man   to   take   a  seat.12 

9.  Albinus  used  to  mourn  because  (he  said)  he  was 
deprived   of   pleasures.        10.    It   is   (a  thing)   most 
dreadful 13  to  hear.       11.  When  (ubi)  this  was  heard, 
they  raised  a  cry.       12.  If  our  fleet  is  not  great,  where 
will  be  the  name  and  dignity  of  the  state  ?       13.  Every 


1  deftcio. 

6  molliter. 

10  interest.    Introd.  28. 

2  untie. 

1  Introd.  14. 

11  quasi. 

8  probus. 

8  antepvuo. 

J-  sede.u.     Introd.  64. 

*  abundo. 

9  ordo. 

13  taeter. 

8  taedet. 

18  Latin   Composition. 

man  has !  enough  of  his  own  troubles.  14.  To  me, 
friendship  seems  to  spring  from  likeness  of  disposition.2 
15.  Your  father  was  (the)  first  to  defeat  the  Cartha- 
ginians with  a  fleet. 

LESSON   5. 

1.  Youths  delight  in  the  precepts  of  old  men. 
2.  From8  the  parents  he  demands  a  price  for4  the  burial 
of  their  children.  3.  They  are  enduring  servitude 
(lit.  are  serving  out5  a  slavery).  4.  I  am  concerned6 
(as  to)  what  sort  (of  man)  he  is.  5.  He  secured  fame 
not  by  his  own  merits,7  but  by  (those)  of  the  state. 

6.  Why  should  I  fear,8  if  I  am  to  be  happy  after  death  ? 

7.  If  one9  cannot  become  an  orator  himself,  still  he 
can   help  a  Scipio   or   Laelius.       8.  Concerning   this 
(matter)  there  is  no  need 10  of  many  words.       9.  I  do 
not  wish  this  blessing  taken  from11  me.       10.  Since 
(cum)  the  mind  is   eternal,  it  will  have  no  end  of 
motion.       11.  No  one  is  so  old  as  (quT)  not  to  think 
that  he  can  live  a  year.       12.  0  glorious  day  when  I 
shall  proceed  to  that  divine  assembly !       13.  In  the 
praetorship 12  of    Gaius    Caesar,  Eufus  was  judged 
guilty13  of  wrong.      14.  This  came  to  pass  because 
of  the  injustice  of  the  praetor. 


1  Introd.  11. 
2  mores. 

6  Case  form  of  cilra. 
1  meritum. 

10  opus. 
11  Introd.  10. 

3  Introd.  2. 

8  Introd.  57. 

12  Introd.  50. 

4  pro. 
6  servio. 

9  Second  pers. 

13  condemno. 

Latin   Composition.  19 

LESSON    6. 

1.  Nothing  is  done  in  their  absence.1       2.  If  you 
had  not  lost  the  city,  I  should  not  have  retaken  it. 

3.  I  made 2  you  understand  what  these  thought  of  you. 

4.  I  never  doiibted  that  our  souls  were  a  part  of  the 
universal  mind.       5.  I  sent  the  soldier  to  get 3  water. 

6.  This  season  is  suited4  to  the  reaping5  of   fruit. 

7.  (The  onset  of)  old  age  must  be  resisted.       8.  He 
said  that  there  were  two  crimes  to  which  the  love6 
of  power  would   drive   Catiline.       9.    Happiness7  is 
assured  (lit.  sure),  if  only  health  remains.       10.  What 
shall  I  say  of  Caesar's  acts  ?      11.  Murena's  style 8  was 
unworthy  a  philosopher.       12.  It  is  perhaps  hard  for 
those  who  like  (lit.  are  desirous9  of)  such  things,  to 
be  without  (them).       13.  I  never  could  be  persuaded 
(to  believe)  that  our  souls  die  when  they  leave  these 
bodies.       14.  Thus  it  happens10  that  we  do  not  care11 
(to  do)  the  thing  which  has  been  ordered. 

1  Introd.  50.  6  percipio.  g  cupidus. 

2  Introd.  59.  « cupiditds.  10flo. 

3  Gerundive  of  peto.  7  fellcitds.  u  libet  with  id 

4  accomoddtus.  8  consuetudo  scrlbendl.          as  subject. 


PART   II. 


LESSON    7. 

1.  The  work  is  heavy  (lit.  great)  and  abounds  in 
difficulties.  2.  Who  would  deny  that  he  is  a  good 
man  ?  3.  None  have1  a  just  cause  for2  taking  arms. 
4.  To-day  is  August  13th.  5.  There  is  no  one  who 
does  not  wish  (lit.  but  wishes)  to  use  a  horse.  6.  Vir- 
tue is  free 3  from  love  of  self.  7.  The  foolish  fellow 
fixes  its  value  at  a  very  low  (figure).  8.  What,  pray, 
is  Hortensius  to  do?  9.  The  body,  too,  must  be 
cared  for.4  10.  With  what  enthusiasm  he  used  to 
speak!  11.  He  came  at  early  dawn5  to  greet6  the 
consul.  12.  I  yield  the  army  to  you.  13.  A  friend 
begged  him  to  kill  some  one  of  those  who  were  in 
fhains.  14.  Provided  that  there  be  (lit.  be  present) 
moderation,  strength  will  endure. 

y  LESSON    8. 

1.  I  am  afraid  that  I  shall  not  increase  the  glory 
of  the  consuls.  2.  He  withdraws  from  Mutina  and 
ceases  to  besiege  Brutus.  3.  Therefore  let  them 

1  Case  form.  *  subvenio. 

2  Lit.  of.  6  lux  prlma. 

8  expers.  6  Note  verb  of  motion  in  main  clause. 

20 


Latin   Composition.  21 

withdraw,  let  them  separate  themselves  from  the  good. 
4.  He  praises  the  book  as  though  he  wished  to  imitate 
it.  5.  They  think  more  highly  l  of  the  Eomans  than 
of  the  Sabines.  6.  Your  children  were  a  pleasure  - 
to  you  and  an  advantage3  to  the  state.  7.  This 
law  both  consuls  and  people  regret  (lit.  repent  of). 

8.  I  remember,  nor  shall    I   ever  forget,  that  night. 

9.  Those  (things)  which  you  judge  to  be  to  the  state's 
interest 4  must  be  done.       10.  Before  I  show  that  this 
was  done,  I  want  to  speak  of  Caesar's  life.      11.  There 
is  need,5  not  alone  of   natural  endowment,6  but   also 
of  training.7       12.    And  so,  after  (postquani)  he  had 
spoken  with  Junius,  he  left 8  the  house.       13.  Do  not 
wait  until  I  mention  the  wrongs  of  the  allies.       14.  One 
could   see9  the   couches10   spread11   in   the    servants' 
rooms.12 

LESSON    9. 

1.  Unless  you  buy  oil,13  your  lamp14  goes  out.15 
2.  The  nearer 16 1  am,  the  better  I  seem  to  see.  o.  We 
cannot  always  drive  out  error  by  reasoning.17  4.  Day 
would  fail  (me)  if  I  should  attempt  to  say  all  that 
might  be  said.  5.  These  (men)  would  seem  bold  to 
you,  if  they  were  not  soldiers.  6.  Relying  upon  the 
sanctity  of  the  tribuneship,  since  (cuni)  he  was  armed 


1  Introd.  20. 
2  voluptds. 
3  usus. 

6  ingenium. 
7  exercAtatio. 
8  excedo. 

10  lectus. 
11  sterno. 
12  (T»a. 

14  Ziimen. 
16  Introd.  43. 

*  interest. 

9  Introd.  55. 

13  oleum. 

17  >-a«i6. 

6  Introd.  39. 

ft/ 


22  Latin  Composition. 

with  the  laws,  he  came  into  the  city.  7.  Unless 
Caesar  had  helped  us,  we  should  now  have  no  state 
as  a  result  of  (lit.  by  reason  of)  Antony's  deeds.1 

8.  In  friendship  the  chief  (feature)  is  (the  fact)  that 
the  greater  is  on  a  level2  with  the  lower  in  rank.3 

9.  Cicero   bought   the   books   at   as  high  a  price  as 
Catiline   wished.       10.  There   is   no   unfailing   rule4 
for5  living  well.       11.  It  is  (the  part)  of  a  wise  man 
to  avoid  trouble.6       12.  Plato  called   pleasure  bad, 
because  (he  said)  it  harmed  men. 

LESSON    10. 

v  1.  I  do  not  think  that  immortality  should  be  dis- 
dained by  a  mortal.  2.  Not  so  many  are  possessed 
of  (lit.  endowed  with)  virtue  as  wish  to  seem  (so). 
8.  Bad  though  (quamvls)  the  speech  may  be,  it  will 
aid  some.  4.  These  things  ought  to  be  of  as  much 
importance  (lit.  as  great  weight)  in  Greece  as  at  Home. 
5.  We  saw  that  Tiberius  Gracchus  had  been  deserted  7 
by  his  friends.  6.  More  know  how  these  (things) 
are  done  than  how  they  are  to  be  resisted.  7.  I 
heard  that  you  grieved  after  (postquam)  Quintus 
Metellus  was  taken  away.  8.  If  I  say  anything 
against  his  life,  I  shall  not  refuse  (to  allow)8  him  to 
speak  in  his  own  behalf.  9.  Virtue  is  so  great  that 
we  admire  it  even9  in  an  enemy.  10.  The  consuls 
were  driven  from  Italy,  and,  with  them,  their  friends. 

1  f acinus.      8  inferior.          5  lit.  of.         '•  derelinqud.      9  vel. 

2  par.  *  ratio  certa.      6  labores.       8  Introd.  60. 


Latin   Composition. 


23 


11.  He  led  forth  a  colony  to  Casilinum,  whither  Caesar 
had  before   gone.       12.   Not   even   for    the   good   is 


poverty  a  light  burden. 


_J 


LESSON    11. 

\.  Old  age  has  taken  from  me l  the  desire 2  for  food 
and  drink.3  2.  We  do  many  (things)  for  the  sake  of 
our  friends  that  AVC  would  not  do  for  our  (own).  3.  It 
is  not  easy  to  find  out4  who  did  it.  4.  There  are 
four  reasons  why  old  age  is  wretched.  5.  Tablets5 
were  put  up6  on  the  whole  Capitoline  hill.  6.  I  wish 
that  I  could  make  the  same  boast '  as  Cyrus.  7.  On 
the  contrary,  he  ought  to  grieve  at  a  wrong8  and 
rejoice  in  correction.  8.  I  urge  that  you  so  esteem 9 
friendship,  that,  excepting  virtue,10  you  think  nothing 
superior11  to  it.  9.  These  (things)  I  have  said  that 
my  voice  might  seem  to  have  fulfilled  the  consul's 
duty.  10.  Through  your  efforts  (lit.  you)  he  is  pre- 
vented from  following  Caesar  to  his  grave.12  11.  Do 
not  prefer13  any  one  to  Cato,  even14  Socrates.  12.  Con- 
suls of  the  greatest  mildness  u  of  disposition 16  have  . 
for  many  years  waged  war. 

LESSON    12. 

1.  The  Romans  sent  him  men 17  to  (qui)  teach  him 
laws.       2.  You  have  less  strength 18  than  either  of  us. 


1  Case  form. 

6  flgo. 

11  praestabilis.t. 

15  Introd.  33. 

2  aviditas. 

7  ylorior. 

12  rogus. 

16  animus. 

8  potto. 

8  delictum. 

13  praefero. 

17  is,  ea,  id. 

4  Introd.  46. 

9  loco. 

14  ne  .  .  .  quidem. 

"  Introd.  21. 

6  tabula. 

"  Introd.  60. 

A  Latin   Composition. 


3.  Many  are  like '  Caesar  though  (cum)  they  are  lower 
in  fame  and  fortune.  *  4.  Would  that  they  had  been 
worthy  of  your  opinion!  ^5.  O  wretched  (the)  old 
man  who  has  not  seen  that  death  is  no  evil !  )  6.  p]ven 
though  (tametst)  he  has  come  from  Caesar,  no  one 
wishes  to  see  him.  7.  When  a  man  becomes  old  he 
has  many  cares.  8.  I  cannot  persuade  him  to  trust2 
me.  9.  (While)  general,  he  freed  Greece  from  slavery 
within  a  few  months.  10.  We  do  not  suspect  that 
any  of  these  did  wrong.3  11.  He  said  there  would 
be  infinite  slaughter,  if  he  should  remain.  12.  To 
gain  favor,  he  prevailed4  upon  his  brother  to  kill  an 
innocent  man  who  had  been  convicted  of  a  capital 
offense.5 

1  similis.  3  pecco.  8  res  capitdlis. 

2Jidem  habeo.  *  exoro. 


PART   III. 


LESSON    13. 

1.  Clodius  was  content  so  long  as  Cicero  should  be 
in  exile.  2.  He  did  what  Coriolanus  had  done  among 
us  twenty  years  before.  3.  Are  we  to  wait  (to  see) 
what  the  witnesses  from  Sicily  say  ?  4.  Do  you 
know  that  such  a  statue1  is  sold  for  four  hundred 
thousand  sesterces  ?  5.  Let  them  be  prepared  to 
answer2  (the  questions)  which  they  have  been  asked.3 
6.  Moderate*  exercise  must  be  taken  (lit.  used).  7.  It" 
is  said  that  we  are  very  negligent5  in  (the  matter  of) 
cherishing  our  friends.  8.  I  thought  that  I  ought G 
to  remain  on  guard.7  9.  None  are  so  eager8  for  praise 
as  the  worthless.  10.  I  am  watching  him  (to  see)  that 
he  takes  no  more  than  he  gives.  11.  We  were  afraid 
that  something  would  happen  to  him.  12.  They  live 
so  that  their  lives  are  approved.  13.  My  son  is  a 
great  care  to  me. 

LESSON    14. 

v  1.  He  has  the  advantage  (lit.  is  superior)  in  this, 
that  (quod)  he  is  less  envied.       2.  It  is  (the  duty)  of 

1  slynum.  3  rogo.  5  negleyens.  1  in  vigilid. 

2  responded.          *  modiats.        6  Gerundive.          8  cupidus. 

25 


26  Latin  Composition. 

a  good  man  to  hate  openly1  and  not  to  conceal  his 
anger.  3.  A  splendid  answer  and  worthy  of  a  learned 
man !  4.  Since  (cum}  this  is  so,  certainly  the  soul 
cannot  die.  5.  How  wealthy  (lit.  of  how  great 
wealth)  he  was!  6.  What  was  I  to  do,2  judges? 
Whither  was  I  to  turn  ?  7.  I  am  well  supplied3  with 
money.  8.  They  asked  me  in  what  way  you  were 
bearing  the  death  of  Af ricanus.  9.  You  charged 4  an 
innocent  man  with  a  vile  deed.5  10.  Through  my 
efforts  he  is  allowed  to  call  back  Cicero  from  exile. 
11.  The  day  of  departure (i  was  January  31st.  12.  He 
delighted  in  bringing  accusations.7  13.  I  did  not 
hinder  him  from  being  friendly8  to  you. 

LESSON    15. 

1.  When  (after)  setting  out  thence9  to  Rome,  he 
had  come  into  the  neighborhood  of  Aquinum,  a  great 
multitude  met  him.10  2.  He  said  that  Caesar  had 
become  rich  by  his  father's  influence,11  not  his  own. 
3.  If  you 12  want  to  be  old  a  long  time,  guard 13  your 
health.  4.  Concerning  this  manner  of  death  it  is 
hard  to  speak.  5.  I  said  that  if  he  had  been  unwill- 
ing he  could  "  have  said  (so).  6.  Not  even  this  do  I 
refuse,  provided  only  we  do  the  things  that  the  Roman 
people  approve.  7.  Would  that  you  might  come  to 

1  aperte.         5  J 'acinus.  9  inde.  13  conserve*. 

2  ago.  6  profectio.  10  obviam  eo.  "  potuisse. 
8  abundo.       1  crimen  Infero.     n  gratia. 

*  ni shmtlo .     8  amicus.  12  General  2d  pers. 


Latin   Composition.  27 

old  age,  that  you  might  know  that  what  I  have  said 
is  true !  8.  Though  (guamvis)  old  age  may  not  be  a 
heavy  burden,  it  takes  away  strength.  9.  It  can  in 
no  wise  happen  that  the  same  man  at  the  same  time 
be  both  joyful  and  sad. !  10.  Old  age  has  such  great 
influence  that  it  is  worth  more2  than  all  the  pleasures 
of  youth.  11.  Who  does  not  know  that  he  came 
many  miles  to  salute  you  ?  12.  If  that  advice  had 
carried  the  day,3  the  state  would  now  be  standing  and 
you  would  have  fallen4  by  reason  of  your  many 
crimes.  13.  The  senate,  when5  it  had  changed  its 
garments,6  came  into  the  temple  of  Concord. 

LESSON    16. 

,<i.  After  (postqnani)  she  returned  to  Rome,  she  gave 
him  an  office7  that8  he  might  practise  medicine.9 
2.  He  answered  him  that  he  had  done  it  through 
reliance  (lit.  relying)  on  his  old  age.  3.  Men  joined 
by  kindly  feeling 10  will  rule  over  those  desires  to 
which  others  are  enslaved.11  4.  These  things  I  shall 
say  if  you  regret  (lit.  repent  of)  your  kindness,12  and 
Caesar  his  constancy.  5.  From  his  tongue  speech 
sweeter  than  honey  flowed.13  6.  These  have14  in 
themselves  no15  resource  for  living  well.  7.  Joys 

1  maestus.  "rest's  (sing.).  n  scrvio. 

2  Forms  of  plus  and  sum.     7  tabcrna.  12  beneficium. 
*valeo.                                 8  Use  gratia.                lsfluo. 

4  opprimd.  9  medicinam  exerceo.  14  Case  form. 

6  Participial  construction.  10  benevolcntia.  15  nihil. 


28  Latin  Composition. 

increase  with  age  in  the  case  of  those  who  are  wise 
and  well  trained.1  8.  He  advances  from  Brundisium 
with  all  his  forces.  9.  I  should  prefer  the  saddest 
day  of  his  consulship  to  the  happiest  of  Catiline's. 
10.  Why  should  I  grieve  though  (si)  within  a  thousand 
years  a  foreign  nation  shall  get  possession  of  our 
city  ?  11.  Before  I  mention  the  distresses2  of  Sicily, 
there  seem  to  be  some  (words)  to  be  said  concerning 
the  dignity  of  that  province.  12.  If  any  one  should 
wish  to  make  you  a  defendant,3  you  would  cry  out 
that  it  was  unjust.  13.  He  withdraws,  burning  with 
hatred4  toward  (lit.  of)  you  (plural),  bloody  with  the 
gore5  of  Roman  citizens  whom  he  killed  at  Antium. 

LESSON    17. 

xn  1.  Although  (quamquam)  he  is  free  from  blame,  he 
is  not  free  from  suspicion.  2.  If  agreeable,6  let  us 
compare  your  return  with  mine.  3.  Do  not  expect 
arguments  from  me,  as  though  the  matter  were  doubt- 
ful. 4.  Is  there  (any)  doubt7  but  that  there  is  need 
of  magistrates  ?  5.  His  father,  a  man  most  devoted" 
to  the  state  and  of  wonderful  constancy,  though  (cum) 
he  was  sick,  aided  me.  6.  You  cannot  take  from 
him  his  power,  even  though  you  are  willing  to  forget 
his  good  deeds.  7.  When  Philo  had  arrived,  he 
thought  about  that  matter  for  three  days.//  8.  This 

1  bene  institutus.     &  reus.        5  crunr.         7  Lit.  is  it  doubtful. 

2  incommodum.        *  odium.     °  */  placet.     8  amans. 


Latin   Composition.  29 

style J  of  speech  I  should  not  use  at  this  time,  if  my 
interest  alone  were  involved.  9.  I  saw  that  the 
consuls,  who  should2  have  been  the  leaders  to  arms, 
were  fleeing.  10.  Since  (quoniani)  human  affairs  are 
uncertain,3  some  (people)  must  be  found  whom  we 
may  love  and  by  whom  we  may  be  cherished.  11.  If 
that  is  so,  see  to  it4  that  you  are  doing  no  wrong  (lit. 
bad  deed)  when  you  persuade  him  to  die.  12.  He 
boasts  that  he  is  like  Catiline,  but  it  is  in  crime  only 
(that)  he  is  equal  to  him.  13.  At  this  point5  he 
asked  whether,  at  any  time,6  new  friends  worthy  of 
friendship  were  to  be  preferred  to  the  old. 

1  genus.  8  fragilis.  5  IOCAIS. 

2  debeo.  *  vide.  6  si  ...  quando. 


PART   IV. 


\/  LESSON    18. 

1.  What  god  did  you  think  would  help  (lit.  be  an 
aid1  to)  you?  2.  He  seems  to  be  forgetting  the 
others.  3.  There  are  men  who  are  not  ashamed 
of  their  misdeeds.  4.  A  wise  man  should  be  content 
with  the  time  that  is  allotted2  to  him.  5.  They 
complain  because  (quod)  they  are  deprived  (as  they 
say)  of  pleasures  without  which  they  do  not  care  to 
live.  6.  The  wretch3  flew  from  Tarentum  to  the 
city.  7.  Shall  I  mention  first4  his  pride  or  his 
cruelty  toward  the  Komans  ?  8.  He  was  condemned 
for  theft,5  and  was  not  allowed  to  enter  the  city. 
9.  So6  may  it  be  allowed  me  to  enjoy  this  state  with 
you,  as  I  am  moved  by  pity  in  this  matter.  10.  You 
would  say  that  it  was  one  of  the  old  Romans.  11.  In 
purpose7  they  are  opposed8  to  us  just  as  though  they 
were  separated  from  us  by  race  and  nature.  12.  Who 
is  there  to  whose  interest  it  is  that  this  law  have 
force  ?  13.  There  was  no  one  more  filled  with  (lit. 
eminent9  in)  filial  respect.10  14.  Before  you  put  in 

1  auxilium.        *  prius  7  voluntds.  9  praestans. 

2  do.  6  furtum.  6  (lissided  a.        10  pietds. 
8  scelestus.         6  it  a  .  .  .  ut. 

30 


Latin  Composition.  31 

a  claim1  you  sent  a  man  to  (qui)  see  to  it2  that  the 
owner3  of  the  house  be  ejected. 

/      LESSON    19. 

1.  Cicero  makes  other  mistakes.4  2.  Then  it  was 
seen  how  poor  in  friends  each  of  them  was.  3.  He 
takes  great  pains5  in  preparing  the  ships.  4.  These 
words  are  at  variance6  with  friendship.  5.  You 
would  say  this  all  the  more/  if  you  had  been  present 
in  the  gardens  of  Scipio.  6.  If  you8  can  make  a 
speech 9  yourself,  you  can  teach  another.  7.  And  so 
no  one  has  wished  to  see  me  to  whom  I  have  been 
'engaged.'10  8.  What  is  the  difference  between  a 
man  and  a  tree  trunk "  excepting 12  the  action 13  of 
the  mind  ?  9.  When  he  came  to  me  to  beg  off,14  he 
gave  this  excuse.15  10.  And  since  (cum)  the  nature 
of  the  mind  is  simple,  it  cannot  be  divided.  11.  If 
he  should  meet16  with  you,  he  would  say  many 
(things).  12.  When  I  was  consul  I  heard  much 
about  this  matter.  13.  A  quiet "  style  of  speaking 
is  suited 18  to  an  old  man.  14.  Led  on  by  false  hope, 
I  said  that  if  I  should  be  restored  to  my  country,  I 
would  thank  you.19 


1  postulo. 

8  Indef  .  2d  pers. 

14  deprecor. 

2  euro. 

9  orationem  habeo. 

15  causa. 

3  dominus. 

10  occupatus. 

16  congredior. 

4  pecco. 

11  truncus. 

17  remissus. 

6  curam  .  .  .  adhibeo. 

12  Participial  construction. 

18  decorus. 

6  repugno. 

13  motus. 

19  gratias  ago. 

"  magis. 

32  Latin   Composition. 


v/Ll 


ESSON    20. 

1.  What  else  did  you  accomplish  on  that  day,  except 
that1  they  judged  Antony  a  public  enemy?  2.  He 
said  that  my  enemy  had  so  worded  the  things  he  had 
written  against  me  that  they  seemed  true.  3.  The 
senate  was  freed  from  the  fear  of  death  a  few  days 
after.  4.  Those  know  who  followed  him  to  Paphos. 
5.  There  were  groans  in  the  whole  forum.  6.  I  was 
willing  to  do  anything2  so  long  as  you  should  he 
silent.  7.  In  public  affairs  nothing  is  weightier  than 
the  law,  in  private  affairs  a  will3  is  most  binding.4 
8.  The  Roman  people  will  wrest  these  (things)  from 
you.  9.  Authority  should  be  granted  him  so  that  he 
may  defend  the  state.  10.  These  wrongs,  too,  must 
be  resisted.  11.  This  strife  is  very  like  that  trial.5 
12.  What  (bond)  has6  he  to  (quod)  hold  him  to  (lit.  in) 
life?  13.  I  know  surely,  and  there  is  no  need7  of 
conjecture. 

LESSON    21. 

y  1.  When  (ubi)  he  heard  that,  he  called  Cicero  to 
v  him.  2.  Although  (quamvls)  you  may  be  wise,  you 
do  not  know  all  (things).  3.  This  remark 8  does  not 
deserve  (lit.  is  unworthy)  a  reply.  4.  You  were 
sated9  with  the  sufferings  of  these  men.  5.  There 
is  no  place  in  the  whole  earth  where  this  law  is  not 

1  nisi  lit.  *  ftrmux.  7  opus. 

2  omnin.  &  iuilicmm.  8  dictum. 
8  testamentum.                   6  Case  form.                   *  explev. 


Latin  Composition.  33 

known  (lit.  but  that  this  law  is  known).  6.  Although 
(tametsl)  this  is  unjust,  he  will  bear  it  with  resignation 
(lit.  with  calm  mind)  if,  through  your  efforts,1  he  can 
save  his  good  name.2  7.  You  will  free  me  from 
great  fear  if  only  a  wall  be  between  you  and  me. 
8.  This  was  done  by  me  to  prevent  his  being3  con- 
demned. 9.  They  came  together  on  the  3d  of 
November  because  of  their  love  for  Catiline.  10.  0 
happening  not  only  shameful  to  see,  but  even  to  hear 
of!  11.  He  tried  to  come  to  Rome  with  all  his 
forces  to  (accomplish)  our  destruction.4  12.  They 
used  to  hope  that  Pyrrhus  would  be  persuaded,  so 
that  he  might  the  more  easily  be  conquered.  13.  He 
was  in  such  good  health  at  the  end5  of  his  life  that  he  . 
was  able  to  carry  a  heavy  load. 

^LESSON    22. 

1.  He  said  he  had  heard  these  things  from  Afri- 
can us  in  a  dream.  2.  Give  advice6  to  the  good,  but 
enact 7  punishments  for  the  bad.  3.  Since  (quoniam) 
you  have  mentioned 8  friendship,  you  will  do  a  thing 
most  pleasing  to  me,  if  you  will  tell  us  what  you  know 
of  that  subject.  4.  This  must  be  done  by  all,  in 
order  that  they  may  escape.9  5.  But  yet  I  enjoy 
the  recollection10  of  our  friendship  so  much  that  I 

1  Lit.  through  you.        5  tempus  extremum.    8  mentionem  facto. 

2  fama.  °  praecipid.  9  evddo. 

8  quominus.  7  statuo.  10  recorddtio. 

4  interitus. 


34  Latin   Composition. 

seem  to  have  lived  happily  because  I  have  lived  with 
Scipio.  6.  He  showed  l  me  facts  of  this  sort,  and, 
at  the  same  time,  the  crimes  of  Sextius  Naevius. 
7.  They  reply  that  they  will  pay  the  taxes,2  but  that 
they  will  not  add  a  ship  even  though  he  buy  it  at  a 
high  (price).  8.  If  influence3  and  greatness  of  mind 
are  of  greater  (value),  do  not  desire  that  which  is  of 
less  (value).  9.  Let  him  use  arms,  if  it  is  necessary, 
for  his  own  defence.4  10.  Should  I  not  admire  him, 
should  I  not  think  him  to  be  defended  in  every  way  ? 

11.  I   perceive   that,    throughout   those   months,   the 
same     plan    commended     itself5    to     each    of    you. 

12.  Wherefore  I  fear  that  to  grieve  at  this  happen- 
ing6 is  more  (the  part)  of  an  enemy  than  a  friend. 

13.  Though    (cum)   nature   by   many  signs7  declares 
what  she  wishes,  we  do  not  hear. 

1  <incev.  5  Lit.  the  same  thing  seemed  best. 

2  vectigalia  pendo.  6  eventus. 

3  gravitas.  7  signum. 

4  Lit.  for  the  sake  of  defending  himself. 


PART   V. 

LESSON    23. 

1.  Would  that  the  immortal  gods  had  given  you 
this  blessing!  2.  He  summoned1  the  legions  from 
Home  to  crush2  the  uprising3  of  the  Gauls.  3.  This 
is  not  a  contest 4  with  an  enemy  with  whom  there  can 
be  any  condition  of  peace.  4.  Wherefore  let  Gaul 
remain  (lit.  be)  under  his  guardianship5  to  whom  it 
has  already  been  given,  5.  What  do  you  think  they 
would  have  done,  if  Catiline  had  been  there  ?  6.  He 
said  that  all  we  do  must  be  referred  to  the  consuls. 
7.  The  liberators  of  the  fatherland  are  loaded6  with 
honors  from  the  city  which  they  saved.  8.  The  life 
he  then  was  living  was  not  a  good  (one).  9.  Forty- 
eight  years  Dionysius  was  tyrant  of  Syracuse,  when 
he  had  commenced7  to  reign  at  twenty-five  years  of 
age.8  10.  That  place  whither  he  went  to  see  his 
friends  is  called  Antium.  11.  He  would  not  refuse 
if  he  had  confidence9  in  himself.  12.  I  should  like 
to  have  some 10  leisure  to  read.  13.  If  I  should  deny 
that  I  am  moved  by  a  longing11  for  Scipio,  I  should 
certainly  lie. 


1  arcesso. 
2  opprimo. 
*-tumultus. 

4  cprtnmpn. 
5  in  .  .  .  tutela.  • 
6  onero. 
35 

7  occupo. 
8  Use  nutus. 
9  confldo. 

10  aliquid. 
11  desiderium. 

36  Latin   Composition. 

LESSON    24. 

1.  Truth,  relying  on  these  judges,  speaks  against 
envy.  2.  When  Mucianus  trades1  he  always  remem- 
bers his  dignity  and  his  rights.2  3.  It  is  to  the  in- 
terest of  all  those  who  live  in  the  city  to  flee.  4.  I 
am  not  disgusted  merely  with  your  foolishness,3  but 
ashamed  (of  it).  5.  He  promised  that  he  would 
take  care4  that  all  things  be  returned  to  the  states. 
6.  This  is  a  thing  most  dreadful  not  only  to  behold, 
but  also  to  hear,  that  soldiers  were  stationed3  in  the 
temple  of  Concord.  7.  These  two  (things)  it  is  (the 
duty)  of  the  good  man  to  do.  8.  I  assist  no  one  of 
my  friends.  9.  In  attaining6  office,  toil  and  suffering 
are  counted7  of  little  (weight).  10.  Danger  does  not 
deter  me  from  doing  what  I  ought.  11.  In  the  case 
of  one  living  at  Rome,  the  matter  is  far  different. 
12.  0  wonderful 8  shamelessness,  to  dare  to  write  let- 
ters against  such  a  youth!  / 

LESSON    25. 

1.  When  (cum)  Scaevola  had  mentioned  this,  he  told 
us  the  views9  of  Laelius  on  friendship.  2.  I  do 
not  fear  that  the  philosophers  will  not  praise  me. 
3.  They  are  doing  this  to  gain  our  favor.10  4.  What 
good  (men)  think,  that  is  of  the  greatest  moment "  and 

1  negotior.  6  colloco.  9  oplnio. 

2  Sing,  of  IMS.  G  persequor.  10  gratia. 

8  stultitia.  ~  puto.  n  momentum. 

4  Case  form  of  cum.  8  admirabilix. 


Latin   Composition .  37 

weight.  5.  We  pardon  the  silence  of  these  men. 
6.  If  you  falsely  accuse  any  one,  you  injure  yourself 
also.  7.  Let  us  not  wait  until  we  are  asked. 
8.  Though  (cum)  he  had  been  bought,  he  did  not  dare 
to  put  in  his  veto.1  9.  Those  must2  be  pardoned 
who  did  nothing  afterward.  10.  I  am  so  yielding  by 
nature  (lit.  am  of  such  mildness 3  of  disposition)  that  I 
cannot  withstand  his  tears  and  prayers.  11.  Though 
(licet)  all  dangers  should  impend,  I  shall  aid  and 
assist.4  12.  Before  I  proceeded  to  my  defence,  I 
made  use5  of  his  confession. 

LESSON    26. 

1.  Do  you  remember  that  on  October  23d  I  said  that 
you  would  be  in  arms  on  a  certain  day  ?  2.  These 
(men),  most  friendly  to  us,  took  from  him  the  consul- 
ship. 3.  Sulla  was  deprived  6  of  a  lofty 7  position  by 
reason  of  the  hate  of  Apronius.  4.  I  shall  tell  you 
from  what  classes  of  men  his  forces  are  collected.8 
5.  After  he  saw  that  the  life  of  Sextius  Roscius  was 
guarded,  he  adopted9  a  plan  full  of  wickedness  and 
audacity.  6.  There  are  those  who  think  it  beneath 
them10  to  come  to  the  aid11  of  the  weak.12  7.  Although 
(quamquairi)  old  age  lacks  immoderate  feasts,  it  can 
yet  enjoy13  moderate  banquets.  8.  I  use  Greek 


1  intercedd. 

5  fitor. 

8  comparo. 

11  subvenio. 

2  Gerundive. 

6  everto. 

9  capio. 

12  inflnmts. 

8  moll  it  in. 

~  ftmj  >lns. 

10  sordid  us. 

13  Use</«M(M). 

4  auxilior. 

38  Latin   Composition. 

literature 1  much  for  the  sake 2  of  training  my  memory. 
9.  Yet  that  leader  of  the  Greeks  never  prayed  to  have 
ten  like  Ajax,  but  like  Nestor.  10.  Caelius  was  not 
so  crazy3  as  to  accuse  another  of  bribery4  when  he 
himself  was  guilty5  of  the  same  crime.  11.  What, 
therefore,  was  I  to  say  ?  that  I  was  a  Roman  ? 
12.  The  king  not  knowing  which  Orestes  was,  Pylades 
said  he  was  Orestes.  13.  I  preferred  that  my  opinion 
should  be  praised  by  all  twenty  days  afterward. 

LESSON    27. 

1.  As  you  broke  down6  Catiline  by  my  influence 
and  (that)  of  the  senate,  so  you  shall  soon  hear  that 
Antony  has  fallen.7  2.  So  it  came  about  that  we 
inquired  whether  there  was  need  of  ships.  3.  Con- 
fess that  you  sent  to  Rome  grain  bought  for  three 
hundred  thousand  sesterces.  4.  Am  I  to  doubt  what 
you  did  when  I  see  what  you  are  doing?  5.  In 
Greece  he  demanded  money  of  the  Greek  officials. 
6.  If  I  shall  have 8  this  power  without  danger  to  you 
or  me  (lit.  your  or  my  danger),  I  shall  use  it.  7.  Do 
not  act  in  such  a  way9  that  a  new  and  much  more 
cruel  proscription  may  seem  to  have  come  about 
through  you.  8.  Nor  need10  the  play11  be  acted' 
through  by  the  performer,12  if  only  he  be  approved  in 

1  litternc.  5  commando  (reflex.).  9  ita. 

2  gratia.  6  frango.  10  Gerundive. 
8  amens.               "  opprimo  (pass.).                   n  fabula. 

*  amlntnx.  8  Case  form.  12  histrio. 


Latin   Composition.  39 

whatsoever  act  he  may  be.  9.  As  though  he  had 
lost  his  goods  through  my  fault,1  he  has  become 
unfriendly  to  me  because  he  is  poor.  10.  In  no  way 
could  it  be  managed 2  but  that  Cleomenes  be  pardoned. 
11.  Who  of  the  Carthaginians 3  was  of  less  (value)  in 
counsel  or  bravery  than  Hanno  ?  12.  He  was 
robbed4  of  the  priesthood,  which  was  sold  at  a  high 
price  to  Brogitams,  a  fellow  unworthy  of  that  office,5 
since  (cum)  he  sought  it  for 6  personal 7  gain. 

1  med  culpa.  4  spolio.  6  nb. 

2  fid.  5  honor.  7  situs. 

3  Poem. 


PART   VI. 


LESSON    28. 

1.  He  could  not  be  induced1  to  have  his  head 
covered  (lit.  be  of  covered2  head).  2.  At  the  ban- 
quet of  Apronius  was  a  Roman  knight  ninety  years 
of  age.  3.  As  I  read,  I  am  so  moved  that  I  fancy 3 
I  can  hear  Cato  himself  speaking.  4.  Do  not  think, 
therefore,  that  the  king  did  this  wrong.  5.  He  was, 
as  I  before  said,  at  Naples,  in  that  part  of  Italy  which 
was  most  free  from4  suspicion.  6.  He  is  a  man  of 
most  honorable  and  well-known5  lineage.6  7.  Nothing 
prevents  his  being  happy.  8.  But  an  old  man  has 
not  even  anything  (quod}  to  hope  for.7  9.  He  sells 
a  modius  of  grain  for  a  denarius.  10.  Perchance 
what  I  am  about  to  say  may  seem  wonderful  to  relate. 
11.  Was  I  to  reject  the  good  advice  of  those  whose 
very 8  faults  the  good  should  bear  ?  12.  For  we  are 
not  sending  (a  message)  to  Hannibal  to  withdraw 
from  Sagunturn.  13.  After  (postquani)  he  came  into 
Asia,  he  committed 9  many  crimes. 


1  per&uadeo. 

4  maxime  cared. 

7  spero. 

2  nperio. 

6  ndbiti*. 

8  etiam. 

3  existimo. 

6  genus. 

9  facio. 

40 

Latin   Composition.  41 

LESSON    29. 

1.  If  he  were  living  his  hundredth  year,  would  he 
be  dissatisfied l  with  old  age  ?  2.  (It  was)  while 
(cum)  Plato  was  present  (that)  he  was  speaking  of 
friendship.  3.  Imprudence  is  (a  characteristic)  of 
the  young  rather  than  of  the  old.  4.  What  shall  I  say 
of  Paul  us  or  Africanus  ?  5.  They  are  waiting  until 
the  ambassadors  set  out.  6.  For  I  do  not  fear  that 
he  will  be  persuaded.  7.  You  would  have  told  me 
if  you  had  thought  it  to  your  interest.  8.  These 
men  I  shall  never  forget.  9.  From  all  quarters,2 
they  came  to  salute  him,  but  none  were  admitted. 
10.  I  prove  you  guilty,3  not  only  of  dishonesty,4  but 
also  of  cruelty.  11.  Why  was  he  not  present  in 
person?  Do  you  think  because  of  some  serious5  mat- 
ter ?  12.  If  you  should  take  from  me  this  evidence,6 
there  would  still7  remain  the  testimony  of  the  Gauls. 
13.  Can  this  light  (of  day)  be  pleasant  to  you,  when 
(c?/ra8)  you  perceive  that  all  know  that  you  were  in 
arms  on  December  30th  ? 

LESSON    30. 

1.  If  you  go  anywhere9  on  piiblic  business,10  boats 
are  always  furnished  at  public  expense.11  2.  We 
must  give  attention12  first  to  those  things  which  I 


c  mdi/tniK.  9  si  ...  quo. 

r'  argument itm.  10  publice. 

3  convini'o.          7  tamen.  n  « Hini>tns. 

4  fitlldcia.  8  Concessive.  12  praerertn.     Gerundive. 


42  Latin   Composition. 

have  mentioned.  3.  Though  (licet)  each  one  may 
say  what  he  pleases,1  it  is  not  necessary  to  believe  (it). 
4.  Buined  men,  with  slaves  like  themselves,  threaten 
the  temples  and  buildings  of  the  city.  5.  0  wretched 
day  when  Catiline  was  born !  6.  You  know  that  I 
was  without  experience2  in  these  matters.  7.  Worthy 
of  friendship  are  those  in  whom  there  is  a  reason  why 
they  should  be  loved.  8.  Pleasures  are  given  up3 
for  the  sake  of  gaining  greater  pleasures.  9.  Would 
that  the  immortal  gods  would  reserve  this  trophy 4  for 
you,  Scipio !  10.  You  can  often  tell  from  what 
quarter  the  storm  is  coming.5  11.  Nothing  was  so 
closed  and  hidden 6  that  it  (quod)  was  not  most  open 
to  his  cupidity.  12.  Old  men,  relying  on  their 
wisdom,  delight  in  conversations  with7  youths  of 
intelligence  (lit.  endowed  with  intellect). 

LESSON    31. 

1.  They  think  they  will  live  their  lives  more  safely8 
under  my  protection.9  2.  It  is  worth  while 10  for  me 
to  undergo  his  hatred,  provided  that  danger  be  warded 
off  from  you.  3.  No  one  was  troublesome  "  to  Cicero 
either  on  December  1st,  or  on  the  5th  or  13th.  4.  I 
shall  have  need  of  how  many  guards,  if  I  shall  once 
allow  you  to  enter  my  house  ?  5.  If  all  should  be 


1  placet. 
2  expers. 
8  omitto. 
4  palma. 

5  commoveo  (pass.). 
6  reconditus. 
"  Genitive. 
8  Use  adjective. 

9  in  .  .  .  tuteln. 
10  Form  of  tantus. 
11  molestus. 

Latin   Composition.  43 

brought  together  into  one  place,  they  would  not  be 
worthy l  to  be  compared  with  Servius  Sulpicius. 
6.  So  it  happened  that  brave  men,  even  though  (tcv- 
metsi)  they  had  fought  against  one  another,  laid  aside2 
hatred  with  their  arms.  7.  Before  he  hears  that  this 
province  is  decreed  to  him,  he  will  crush  the  enemy. 

8.  He  ordered  the  centurions  to  go  home,  and  there 
had  them  killed 3  before  his  own  and  his  wife's  eyes. 

9.  AVhat  is  more  pleasant  than  an  old  age  loaded4 
with  honors  ?      10.  He  had  no  reason l  to  fear  that  he 
would  not  be  heard.       11.  I  saw  that  that  man  had 
been  taken  away  without  whom  the  state  could  not 
stand.       12.    Since    the    matter  has   come   to   this,5 
whether  he  pay  the  penalty  or  we  be  slaves,  let  us 
show  the  valor  of  our  fathers  so  that  we  may  save 
the  state. 

LESSON    32. 

1.  As  though  this  were  a  safeguard6  for  you,  he 
orders 7  that  the  house  be  watched.  2.  On  that  day, 
if  it  had  been  allowed  me  by  (lit.  through)  my  friends 
to  come  into  the  forum,  a  beginning  of  slaughter 
would  have  been  made  with 8  me.  3.  He  asked  one 
of  those  who  were  present  the  subject 9  under  (lit.  of) 
discussion.10  4.  This  field  was  much  more  valuable  u 

1  Gerundive.  7  imperu. 

2  depono.  8  lit.  from. 
8  iuyulari  cuyo.  9  causey 

4  oneratus.  10  dissero. 

6  in  id  disc-rime n  adduco  (pass.).      u  Forms  of  s?/m  and  miiltus. 

6  salun. 


44  Latin  Composition. 

then  than  it  had  been  five  years  earlier.  5.  Those  of 
lower  rank1  do  not  grieve  that  they  are  surpassed  in 
brilliancy  (lit.  intellect)  by  others.  6.  I  tell2  the 
senate  what  ought  to  be  done.  7.  Who  of  us  thought 
Sulla  innocent  ?  Who  of  us  aided  any  one  of  them  ? 

8.  In  the  hearing3  of  the  people,  he  said  that  none 
would    live    unless    Caesar    should    be    victorious.'4 

9.  Although  (tametsi)  it  is  hard,  I  can  in  some  way 
spare  him  who  accuses  Caesar.       10.  There  is  need  of 
haste5;  if  we  had  exercised  this  before,  we  should 
now  have  no  war.       11.  But,  since  (quoniarti)  the  state 
abounds  in  these  things,  let  us  pass 8  to  other  (consid- 
erations).      12.  Since  (cum)  you  see  that  a  man  hold- 
ing (lit.  possessed7  of)  this  office  did  not  doubt  (but) 
that  he  should  defend  the  innocence  of  Sulla,  you 
ought  to  do  the  same  for  Hortensius. 

1  Inferior.  3  audio.          5  celeritus.          1  praeditus. 

2  praescribo.         *  vinco.          6  venio. 


VOCABULARY. 


[Superior  figures  following  Lesson  numbers  (as,  Lesson  7.2)  refer 
to  the  sentence  numbers  in  the  Lessons.] 


a,  an,  untranslated. 

able  (be) ,  possum,  posse,  potui ; 

not  — ,  nequeo,  -quire,  -quivl, 

-quii. 

abound,  abundo,  1. 
about,  prep.,  de. 
absent    (be),     absum,     -esse, 

afui. 
accomplish,  efficio,3,  -feel,  -fec- 

tus. 

accusation,  crirnen,  -in  is,  N. 
accuse,  accuse,  1. 
act,  w.,  facturn,  -i,  N.  ;  of  the 

drama,  actus,  -us,  M. 
act,  v.,  facio,  3,  feel,  factus ; 

—  through,  perago,  3,  -egi, 

-actus. 

action,  motus,  -us,  M. 
add,  addo,  3,  -didl,  -ditus. 
admire,  admiror,  1,  dept. 
admit,  admitto,  3,  -mlsi,  -missus. 
adopt  (a  plan),  capio,  3,  cepl, 

captus. 
advance,  pr5gredior,  3,  -gressus 

sum. 

advantage,  usus,  -us,  M. 
advice,  consilium,  -I,  N. 
affair,  r6s,  rel,  F. 
afraid  (be),  vereor,  2,  dept. ; 

metuO,  3,  -uf. 
Africanus.  Africanus,  -I,  M. 


after,  prep.,  post ;  conj. ,  post- 

quam. 

afterward,  post. 
against,  in  with  ace. ;  —  one 

another,  inter  se. 
age,  senectus,  -utis,  F. 
agreeable,  gratus,  -a,  -um. 
aid,  n.,  auxilium,  -I,  N. 
aid,  v.,  iuvo,  1,  iuvi,  iutus. 
Ajax,  Aiax,  -acis,  M. 
Albinus,  Alblnus,  -i,  M. 
all,    omnis,  -e ;  —  the   more, 

magis. 

allot,  do,  d&re,  dedl,  datus. 
allow,  sino,  3,  slvl,  situs  ;  licet, 

2,  licuit. 

ally,  socius,  -I,  M. 
alone,  sOlum. 
already,  iam. 
also,  et ;  etiam. 
although,  quamquam ;    quam- 

vls ;  tametsi. 
always,  semper. 
among,  apud  with  ace. 
and,  et ;  atque  ;  —  so,  itaque. 
anger,  Irae,  -arum,  F. 
another,  alius,  -a,  -ud. 
answer,  M.,  responsum,  -i,  N. 
answer,     v.,      respondeo,      2, 

-spondi,  -spOnsum  (est). 
Antium,  Antium,  -I,  N. 


45 


Antony 


46 


book 


Antony,  Antonius,  -I,  M. 
any,   aliqui,   -qua,   -quod ;    = 

"any  o»e,'  quisquam,  quae- 

quam,  (quid(c)quam). 
any     one,      aliquis,      aliqua, 

(-quid)  ;     quisquam,     quae- 

quara,  (quid(c)quam). 
anything,  (quis,  quae),  quid  ; 

i minis,  -e  ;  neuter  as  noun. 
appear,  videor,  2,  visus  sum. 
approve,  prob6,  1. 
Apronius,  Apronius,  -I,  M. 
Aquinum,  Aquinum,  -I,  N. 
argument,  argumentum,  -i,  N. 
arm,  armO,  1. 
arms,  arma,  -Drum,  N. 
army,  exercitus,  -us,  M. 
arrive,  venio,  4,  veni,  ventum 

(est). 
as,  ut ;   qui,  after  idem  or  in 

result  clauses  ;  quantus  after 

tantus. 

as  ...  as,  tain  . . .  quam. 
as  high  (of  price),  tantus,  -a, 

-um. 

as  though,  quasi. 
ashamed,  pudet,  2,  puduit. 
Asia,  Asia,  -ae,  F. 
ask,  rogo,  1  ;  quaero,  3,  quae- 

sivl,  quaesltus. 
assembly,  concilium,  -i,  N. 
assent,    assentior,    4,    -s6nsus 

sum. 
assist,    iuvo,    1,    iuvi,    iutus; 

auxilior,  1,  dept. 
associated,  coniunctus,  -a,  -um. 
at,  in  with  abl.  ;  —  ...  years 

of  age,  forms  of  natus  and 

annus. 
at  the  same  time,  simul. 


attain,  persequor,  3,  -secutus 

sum. 

attempt,  cSnor,  1,  dept. 
audacity,  audacia,  -ae,  F. 
augur,  augur,  -uris,  M. 
August  (of),  Sextilis,  -e. 
authority,  auctOritas,  -atis,  F. 
avert,  averts,  3,  -vert!,  -versus, 
avoid,  vit5,  1. 


B 

bad,  mains,  -a,  -um  ;  —  deed, 
facinus,  -oris,  N. 

banquet,  convivium,  -1,  N. 

be,  sum,  esse,  fui. 

bear,  fero,  ferre,  tuli,  latus. 

because,  quod,  quia. 

become,  fio,  fieri,  factus  sum. 

before,  prep.,  ante  with  ace.; 
conj.,  antequam,  priusquam. 

beg,  hortor,  1,  dept.;  oro,  1; 
—  off,  deprecor,  1,  dept. 

beginning,  initium,  -I,  N. 

behold,  video,  2,  vidi,  visus. 

believe,  credo,  3,  credidi,  cr€- 
ditus. 

besiege,  oppugno,  1. 

between,  inter  with  ace.  ;  be  — , 
intersum,  -esse,  -fui,  with  in- 
ter and  ace. 

binding,  firmus,  -a,  -um. 

blame,  culpa,  -ae,  F. 

blessing,  bonum,  -i,  N. 

bloody,  cruentus,  -a,  -um. 

boast,  glOrior,  1,  dept. 

boat,  navigiuuv  -i-  * 

body,  corpus,  -oris,  ix 

bold,  audax,  -aeis. 

book,  liber,  -bri,  M. 


born 


47 


come 


born    (be),    nascor,    3,    natus 

sum. 
both,  uterque,  utraque,  utrum- 

que. 

both  . . .  and,  et . . .  et. 
brave,  fortis,  -e. 
bravery,  virtus,  -utis,  F. 
break  down,  frango,  3,  fregl, 

fractus. 

bribery,  ambitus,  -us,  M. 
bring     (accusations^),     Infero, 

-ferre,    -tuli,    Hiatus  ;  —  in, 

induce,    3,   -duxl.    -ductus; 

—  together,  confero,  -ferre, 
-lull,  collatus. 

Brogitarus,  Brogitarus,  -I,  M. 
brother,  frater,  -tris,  M. 
Brundisium,  Brundisium,  -I,  x. 
Brutus,  Brutus,  -i.  M. 
building,  aedificium,  -i,  x. 
burden,  onus,  -eris,  N. 
burial,  sepultiira,  -ae,  F. 
burn,  ardeo,  2,  arsl,  arsurus. 
business,  res  (rerum)  gerendae 

(-arum). 
but,   sed.  quln  (Lesson   7.5)  ; 

—  also,  —  even,  sed  etiam  ; 

—  that,  quln. 

buy,  emO  3,  emi,  emptus. 
by,  a,  ab  with  the  abl. 


Caelius,  Caelius,  -I,  M. 
Caesar,  Caesar,  -aris,  M. 
Calends,  see  Kalends, 
call,   appello,    1  ;    nfnnino,    1  ; 

vocO,  1  ;  —  back,  reduco,  3, 

-duxi,  -ductus. 
calm,  aequus,  -a,  -urn. 


capital    offense,    res   (rei,   F.) 

capitalis  (-e). 
Capitoline  Hill,  Capitolium,  -I, 

N. 

care,  «.,  cura,  -ae,  F. 

care,  c.,  volo,  velle,  volui ;  libet, 

2,  -uit ;  —  for,  subvenio,  4, 

-veni,  -ventum  (est). 
carry,  fero,  ferre,  tuli,  latus. 
Carthaginian,  Poenus. 
Casilinum,  Casilinum,  -i,  x. 
cast  out,  eicio.  3,  -ieci,  -iectus. 
Catiline,  Catillna,  -ae,  M. 
Cato,  Cato,  -onis,  M. 
cause,  causa,  -ae,  F. 
cease,   desino,   3,    -sil,   -situs ; 

—  to    think,    oblivlscor,    3, 
oblitus  sum. 

centurion,  centurio,  -onis,  M. 

certain,  certus.  -a,  -uiu. 

certainly,  certo  ;  certg. 

chain,  vinculum,  -i,  x. 

change,  muto,  1. 

charge,  Insimulo,  1. 

cherish,  colo,  3,  colui,  cultus. 

chief,  maximus,  -a,  -urn. 

children,  llberi,  -orum,  c. 

Cicero,  Cicero,  -onis,  M. 

citizen,  civis,  -is,  c. 

city,  ui'bs,  urbis,  F. 

class,  genus,  -eris,  x. 

Cleomenes,  Cleomenes,  -is,  M. 

Clodius,  Clodius,  -I,  M. 

closed,  clausus.  -a,  -urn. 

collect,  comparo,  1. 

colony,  colonia,  -ae,  F. 

come,  venid,  4,  veni,  ven- 
tum (est);  commoveo,  2, 
-movl,  -m5tus  (Lesson  SO.10); 

—  about,  —  to  pass,  fio,  fieri, 


commence 


48 


deprived 


factuui  est ;  —  to  aid,  sub- 
veniS,  4,  -\eni,-ventum  (est); 
—  to  this,  in  id  discrimen 
adducS,  3,  -duxi,  -ductus 
(pass.);  — together,  con- 
venio,  4,  -ve"ni,  -ventum  (est). 

commence,  incipio,  3,  -cepi, 
-ceptus  ;  occ\ipS,  1 . 

commit,  faciS,  3,  feel,  factus. 

compare,  cSnferS,  -ferre,  -tuli, 
collatus  ;  comparS,  1. 

complain,  deplSrS,  1. 

conceal,  occults,  1. 

concerned  (be),  use  cura  (In- 
trod.  15). 

concerning,  de  with  abl. 

Concord,  Concordia,  -ae,  F. 

condemn,  damns,  1  ;  con- 
demns, 1. 

condition,  condiciS,  onis,  F. 

confess,  cSnfiteor,  2,  -fessus 
sum. 

confession,  cSnfessiS,  -onis,  F. 

confirm,  confirms,  1. 

conjecture,  coniectura,  -ae,  F. 

conquer,  vincS,  3,  vlcl,  vlctus. 

constancy,  constantia,  -ae,  F. 

consul,  consul,  -ulis,  M. 

consulship,  consulatus,  -us,  M. 

content,  contentus,  -a,  -urn. 

contest,  certamen,  -inis,  N. 

conversation,  sermo,  -on is,  M. 

convict.  damnO,  1. 

Coriolanus,  Coriolanus,  -I,  M. 

correction,  correctiS,  -onis,  F. 

couch,  lectus,  -i,  M. 

counsel,  consilium,  -!,  N. 

count,  puto,  1. 

country,  rus,  ruris,  N.  ;  one's  — . 
patria,  -ae,  F. 


covered,  opertus,  -a,  -urn. 

crazy,  amens,  -entis. 

crime,  scelus,  -eris,  N.,  f acinus. 

-oris,  N. 

cruel,  crudeUs,  -e. 
cruelty,  criidelitas,  -atis,  F. 
crush,     opprimo,     3,     -press! , 

-pressus. 

cry  out,  clamS,  1. 
cupidity,  cupiditas,  -atis,  F. 
Cyrus,  Cyrus,  -i,  M. 


danger,  perlculum,  -I,  N. 
dare,  audeo,  2,  ausus  sum. 
Dates,  sf  e  Introd.  49. 
day,  dies,  -ei,  M. 
death,  mors,  mortis,  F. 
debt  (be  in),  debe5,  2. 
December      (of),      December, 

-bris,  -bre  ;  see  Introd.  49. 
declare,  declaro,  1. 
decree,     decerno,     3,     -cr6vl, 

-cretus. 

deed,  facinus,  -oris,  N. 
defeat,  devincS,  3,  -vici,  -vlctus. 
defence,  defensio,  -onis,  F. 
defend,   defends,    3,    defendl, 

d6f€nsus. 

defendant,  reus,  -I,  M. 
delight,     gaudeo,     2,     gavisus 

sum. 

demand,  posco,  3,  poposcl. 
denarius,  denarius,  -i,  M. 
deny,  nego,  1. 

departure,  profectiS,  -onis,  F. 
deprive,  everts,  3,-vertl,  -versus 

(Lesson  26.s). 
deprived   (be),   careS,   2,  -ui, 

-iturus. 


desert 


49 


enslaved 


desert,  derelinquo,  3,  -reliqui, 

-rellctus. 
desire,    re.,   aviditas,  -atis,  F.  ; 

libido,  -inis,  F. 
desire,  ».,  desidero,  1. 
desirous,  cupidus,  -a,  -uin. 
destruction,  iuteritus,  -us,  M. 
deter,  impedio,  4. 
devoted,  araans,  -antis. 
die,  morior,  3,  mortuus  sum, 
difference  (be  the),  intersum, 

-esse,  -fui. 

different,  alius,  -a,  -ud. 
difficulty,  difficultas,  -atis,  F. 
dignity,  dignitas,  -atis,  F. 
Dionysius,  Dionysius,  -I,  M. 
discussion,  gerund  of  dissero,  3, 

-serul  (Lesson  32.*}. 
disdain,  contemno,  3,  -temps!, 

-temptus. 

disgraceful,  sordidus,  -a,  -um. 
disgust,  taedet,  2,  -uit. 
dishonesty,  fallacia,  -ae,  F. 
disposition,    mores,   -um,   M.  ; 

animus,  -I,  M. 

distress,  incoinmodum,  -I,  N. 
divide,  divide,  3,  -visi,  -vlsus. 
divine,  divlnus,  -a,  -um. 
do,  facio  (fi5),  3,  fed,  factus  ; 

gero,  3,  gessi,  gestus;  ag6,  3, 

6gT,  actus ;  — wrong,  pecco,  1. 
doubt,  M.,  see  doubtful ;  neuter 

of  adj.  used  as  noun. 
doubt,  ».,  dubitO,  1. 
doubtful,    incertus,    -a,    -um ; 

dubius,  -a,  um  (Lesson  17.*}. 
dreadful,  foedus,  -a,  -um  ;  tae- 

ter,  -tra,  -trum  (Lesson  ^.10). 
dream,  somnium,  -i,  N. 
drink,  v..  poto,  1,  -avl,  potus. 


drink,  w.,  potio,  -onis,  F. 

drive,  impello,  3,  -puli,  -pulsus  ; 
—  from,  expello,  3,  -pull, 
-pulsus  ;  —  out,  eicio,  3,  -ieci, 
-iectus. 

duty,  officium,  -I,  N. 

E 

each,  quisque,  quaeque,  quid- 

que. 

eager,  cupidus,  -a,  -um. 
earlier,  ante, 
early    dawn,   lux    (lucis,    F.) 

prima  (-us,  -a,  -um). 
earth,  orbis  (-is,  M.),  terrarum. 
easily,  facile, 
easy,  facilis.  -e. 
eight,  octo. 
either  (of  two),  utervls,  utra- 

vls,  utrumvls. 
either  ...  or,  aut . . .  aut. 
eject,  eicio,  3,  -ieci,  -iectus. 
else,  alius,  -a,  -ud. 
embassador.  legatus,  -i,  M. 
eminent,  praestans,  -antis. 
enact,  statuo,  3,  -ui,  -utus. 
end,  finis,  -is,  M.  ;  —  of  life, 

tempus  (-oris,  N.)  extremum 

(-us,  -a,  -um). 

endowed,  praeditus,  -a,  -um. 
endure,  permaneO,   2,  -mansi, 

-mansurus. 
enemy,  hostis,  -is,  c.  ;  inimicus, 

-I,  M. 

engaged,  occupatus,  -a,  -um. 
enjoy,     fruor,     3,     fruiturus ; 

gaude5,     2,      gavisus     sum 

(Lesson  26.7). 
enough,  satis, 
enslaved  (be),  serviO,  4. 


enter 


50 


food 


enter,  veniO,  4,   vein,  ventuin 

(est),  with  in  and  ace. ;  in- 

tro,  1. 

enthusiasm,  sludiuin,  -i,  N. 
envy,  n.,  iuvidia,  -ae,  F. 
envy,  v.,  invideo,  2,  -vidi,  -vi- 

sus. 

equal,  par,  paris. 
error,  error,  -oris,  M. 
escape,  evado,  3,  -vasi,  -vasum 

(est). 

esteem,  loco,  1  (Lesson  ll.s). 
eternal,  sempiturnus,  -a,  -um. 
even,  vel  (Lesson  10.9)  ;  ne  . . . 

quidem  (Lesson  ll.n). 
even  though,  cum  ;  etsi ;  quam- 

vis  ;  tametsi. 
ever,  umquam. 
every,  omnis,  -e ;  quisque, 

quaeque,  quidque. 
evidence,  argumentum,  -I,  N. 
evil,  adj.,  inalus,  -a,  -um. 
evil,  «.,  malum,  -i,  N. 
exalt     (over),     antepono,     3, 

-posui,  -positus. 
examine,  video,  2,  vidi,  visus. 
except,  conj.,  nisi  (Lesson  SO.1}. 
except,    ».,   excipio,    3,   -cepi, 

-ceptus. 

excuse,  causa,  -ae,  F. 
exercise,  n.,  exercitatio,  -onis,  F. 
exercise,  v.,  utor,  3,  usus. 
exile,  exilium,  -i,  N. 
expect,  expecto,  1. 
expense,  sumptus,  -us,  M. 
eye,  oculus,  -i,  M. 


Fabius,  Fabius,  -i,  M. 
fact,  res,  rel,  F. 


fail,  deficit,  3,  -fgci,  -fectus. 
fall,  opprimo,  3,  -pressi,  -pres- 

sus  (pass.). 
false,  falsus,  -a,  -um. 
falsely,  falso. 
fame,    fauia,    -ae,    F.  ;    honor, 

-oris,  M. 

fancy,  existimo,  1. 
far  (with  comparative},  multo. 
farmer,  agricola,  -ae,  M. 
father,  pater,  -tris,  M. 
fatherland,  patria,  -ae,  F. 
fault,  delictum,  -i,  N. 
favor,  gratia,  -ae,  F. 
fear,  n.,  metus,  -us,  M. 
fear,  v.,  metuo,  3,  ul ;  timeo, 

2,  -ui ;  vereor,  2,  veritus  sum. 
feast,  epulae,  -arum,  F. 
February  (of),  Februarius,  -a, 

-um. 

fellow,  homo,  -inis,  M. 
few,  pauci,  -ae,  -a ;  —  words, 

pauca,  -orum,  x. 
field,  ager,  -gri,  si. 
fight,  pugno,  1. 
filial  respect,  pietas,  -atis,  F. 
find,  find  out,  invenio,  4,  -veni, 

-ventus. 

fire,  incendium,  -i,  N. 
first,  «tto.,prius  (Lesson  18.1); 

be  the  — ,  primus  with  rela- 
tive clause. 
five,  quinque. 
fix  value,  aestimo,  1. 
flee,  fugio,  3,  fugi,  fugiturus. 
fleet,  classis,  -is,  F. 
flow,  fluo,  3,  fluxl,  fluxus  (adj.). 
fly,  volo,  1. 

follow,  sequor,  3,  secutus  sum. 
food,  cibus,  -i,  M. 


foolish 


51 


great 


foolish,  stultus,  -a,  -um. 

foolishness,  stultitia,  -ae,  F. 

for,  conj.,  enim.  ;  prep.,  pro 
with  abl. ;  ad  with  gerundive 
{Lesson  76.6)  ;  ob  with  ace. 
(Lesson  27.™}  ;  for  =  'o/' 
(Lesson  II.1). 

forces,  copiae,  -arum,  F. 

foreign,  peregrlnus,  -a,  -um. 

forget,obllviscor,3,oblitussum. 

fortune,  fortuna,  -ae,  F. 

forty,  quadraginta. 

forum,  forum,  -I,  N. 

four,  quattuor. 

four  hundred,  quadringenti, 
-ae,  -a. 

fourth,  quartus,  -a,  -um. 

free,  libero,  1. 

free  (from),  expers,  -ertis ;  — 
be  free  from,  careo,  2,  -ul, 
-iturus ;  absum,  -esse,  aful 
icith  abl.  (Lesson  17. 1). 

friend,  amicus,  -i,  M. 

friendly,  amicus,  -a,  -um. 

friendship,  amlcitia,  -ae,  F. 

from,  quominus  with  subjunc- 
tive ;  also  Introd.  10. 

from,  prep.,  a,  de,  e  and  ex  with 
the  abl. ;  —  thence,  inde ; 
—  whom,  unde  (Lesson  3.9); 
Introd.  2.  ~>  " 

fruit,  fructus,  -us,  M. 

fulfil,  fungor,  8,  functus  sum. 

full,  plenus,  -a,  -um. 

furnish.  praebeS,  2. 

G 

gain,  v.,  adipiscor,  3,  adeptus 
sum  ;  —  favor,  gratiam  capto 
1  (Lesson 


gain,  M.,  lucrum,  -I,  N. 
Gaius,  Gaius,  -I,  M. 
garden,  hortus,  -i,  M. 
garment,  vestis,  -is,  F. 
gate,  porta,  -ae,  F. 
Gaul,  Gallia,  -ae,  F. 
Gaul  (a),  Gallus,  -I,  »r. 
general,  imperator,  -oris,  M. 
get,   peto,   3,   petlvi,    petitus ; 

—  possession,  potior,  4,  poti- 
tus  sum. 

give,  do,  d5re,  dedi,  datus ; 
redds,  3,  didi,  -ditus  ;  —  ad- 
vice, praecipio,  3,  -cepi,  -cep- 
tus ;  —  attention  to  first, 
praeverto,  3,  -vertl,  -versus 
(Lesson  30?) ;  —  (excuse) ,  af- 
fero,  -ferre,  -tuli,  allatus ;  — 
up,  omitto,  3,  -misi,  -missus. 

glorious,  praeclarus,  -a,  -um. 

glory,  gloria,  -ae,  F. 

go,   eo,    Ire,    !vl,   itum    (est) ; 

—  out,  extinguo,   3,  -tinxi, 
-tinctus  (pass.). 

god,  deus,  -i,  M. 

gold,  aurum,  -I,  N. 

good,    good    man,    bonus,    -a, 

-um ;    —  deeds,    benefacta, 

-orum,  N.  ;  —  name,  fama, 

-ae,  F. 

goods,  bona,  -orum,  N. 
gore,  cruor,  -oris,  M. 
Gracchus,  Gracchus,  -I,  M. 
grain,  frumentum,  -I,  N. 
grant,  do,  dire,  dedi,  datus  ; 

largior,  4,  dept. 
grateful,  gratus,  -a,  -um. 
grave,  use  rogus,  -I,  M. 
great,   great  things,   magnus, 

-a,  -um. 


greater 


52 


Ides 


greater,  superior,  -ius. 
greatness,  magnitude,  -in is,  F. 
Greece,  Graecia,  -ae,  F. 
Greek,  Graecus.  -a.  -urn  ;  phi. 

subst.,  Graeci,  drum,  M. 
greet,  saluto,  1. 
grieve,  doleo,  '2,  -ul,  -iturus. 
groan,  gemitus,  -us,  M. 
guard,  r.,  defends,   3,  -fendi, 

-fensus ;  conserve,  1  (Lesson 

15.z);  custodio,  4. 
guard,    n,    custCs,    -odis,    c. ; 

vigiliae,  -arum,  F. 
guilty     (be),     commaculo,     1 

(reflex.);  use  with  abl. 


Hannibal,  Hannibal,  -alis,  M. 
Hanno,  Hanno,  -6nis,  M. 
happen,  fio,  fieri,  factum  est ; 

accidit,  3,  -cidit. 
happening,    eventus,   -us,    M.  ; 

res,  rei,  F. 
happily,  beate ;   felix  (Lesson 

1.*). 

happiness,  fellcitas,  -atis,  F. 
happy,  laetus,  -a,  -um  ;  beatus, 

-a,  -um. 

hard,difficilis, -e;  durus, -a,  um. 
harm,  noceO,  2,  nocui,  nocitum 

(est). 

haste,  celeritas,  -atis,  F. 
hate,  v.,  odi,  -isse,  Osurus. 
hate,  M.,  hatred,  odium,  -i,  N. 
have,    habeo,    2 ;    case   form 

(Introd.  11);  —  confidence, 

confido,    3,   -fisus   sum ;   — 

force,  valeO,  2,  -ui,  -iturus ; 
-  killed,   iugulari  cogo,  3, 

-6gi,  -actus  (Lesson  31.s). 


he,    is,    ea,    id ;    untranslated 

often;   of  him   (self),   etc., 

sui,  etc. 

head,  caput,  -ills,  N. 
health,  valetudo,  -inis,  F. 
hear,  hear  of,  audio,  4. 
heavy,  gravis,  -e. 
help,  iuvo,  1,  iuvi,  iutus. 
here,   hie. 

hidden,  reconditus,  -a,  um. 
high   (of  price),   magnus,   -;i, 

-um. 
high  priest,  pontifex  (-icis,  M.) 

maximus  (-a,  -um). 
himself,  ipse,  -a,  -um ;  reflex., 

sui.' 

hinder,  impedio,  4. 
his,  suus,  -a,  -um  ;  eius ;  illius  ; 

often  untranslated;  —  own, 

suus,  -a,  -um. 
hold,  teneo,  2,  tenul. 
home,  domus,  -us  (-i),  F. 
honey,  mel,  mellis,  N. 
honor,  honor,  -oris,  M. 
honorable,  honOratus,  -a,  -um. 
hope,  v.,  optO,  1  ;  —  for,  sper6, 1. 
hope,  n.,  sp6s,  -ei,  F. 
horse,  equus,  -1,  M. 
Hortensius.  -i,  M. 
house,   aedgs,   -is,  F.    (wse  in 

plu.~);  domus,  -us  (-1),  F. 
how,  quern  ad  modum ;    with 

adj.,  quam. 

human,  humanus,  -a,  -um. 
hundredth,  centesimus,  -a,  -um. 


I,  ego,  mei. 

Ides,  Id  us,  -uum,  F. 


if 


53 


law 


if,  si ;  —  agreeable,  si  placet 
(Lesson  77.2);  —  anything, 
any  one,  some  one,  si  quis, 
-qua,  -quid  ;  —  anywhere, 
(=  whither),  si  quo  ;  —not, 
nisi ;  —  only,  modo,  dum- 
modo. 

imitate,  imitor,  1,  dept. 

immoderate,  immoderatus,  -a, 
-uni. 

immortal,  iinmortalis,  -e. 

immortality,  immortalitas, 
-atis,  F. 

impend,  inipendeo,  -ere. 

imprudence,  temeritas,  -atis,  F. 

in,  in  with  ace.  and  abl. 

in  ...  behalf,  pro  with  abl. 

in  case  of,  Introd.  9. 

in  order  that,  ut. 

in  person,  ipse,  -a,  -urn. 

in  such  a  way  that,  ita  .  .  . 
ut. 

increase,  augeo,  2,  auxl,  auc- 
tus ;  crescO,  3,  crevi,  cretus. 

induce,  persuadeo,  2,  -suasi, 
-suasum  (est). 

infinite,  Inflnitus,  -a,  -urn. 

influence,  auctoritas,  -atis,  F.  ; 
gravitas,  -atis,  F.  ;  gratia,  -ae, 
F.  (Lesson  .75. 2). 

injure,  laedO,  3,  laesi,  laesus. 

injustice,  iniuria,  -ae,  F. 

innocence,  innocentia,  -ae,  F. 

innocent,  innocfins,  -entis. 

inquire,  quaerO,  3,  quaeslvi, 
quaesitus. 

intellect,  ingenium,  -I,  N. 

interest  (be  involved,  be  to  in- 
terest of),  interest,  -esse, 
-fuit. 


into,  in  or  ad  with  ace. ;  — the 
neighborhood  of,  ad  with  ace. 

it,  is,  ea,  id  ;  often  untranslated. 

it  is  necessary,  ita  necesse  est 
(Lesson  22.9). 

Italy,  Italia,  -ae,  F. 

itself,  sul. 


January  (of),  lanuarius,  -a,  -urn. 
joined,  coniunctus,  -a,  -um. 
joy,  gaudium,  -i,  N. 
joyful,  laetus,  -a,  -uin. 
judge,  n.,  iudex,  -icis,  M. 
judge,  v.,  iudico,  1  ;  — guilty, 

condemns,  1. 
Junius,  lunius,  -i,  M. 
just,  iiistus,  -a,  -um. 
just  as  though,  quasi. 


Kalends,  Kalendae,  -arum,  F.  ; 

Introd.  49. 

kill,  interficio,  3,  -feel,  -fectus. 
kindly   feeling,    benevolentia, 

-ae,  F. 

kindness,  beneficium,  -I,  N. 
king,  rex,  regis,  M. 
knight,  eques,  -itis,  M. 
know,  scio,  4. 
known,  notus,  -a  -um. 


lack,  careo,  2,  -ui,  -iturus. 
Laelius,  Laelius,  -I,  M. 
lamentation,  lamentum,  -I,  N. 
lamp,  lumen,  -inis,  N.  (Lesson 

9.'). 
law,  lex,  Iggis,  F. 


lay  aside 


54 


modius 


lay  aside,  dSpono,   3,   -posui, 

-positus. 
lead   forth,   deduce,  3,  -duxi, 

-ductus. 
lead    on,    induce,     3,     -duxi, 

-ductus. 

leader,  dux,  ducis,  c. 
learn,  disco,  3,  didici. 
learned,  doctus,  -a,  -urn. 
leave,  excedo,  3,  -cessi,  -cessum 

(est). 

legion,  legio,  -onis,  F. 
leisure,  otium,  I,  N. 
less,  compar.  of  parvus. 
letter  (a),  litterae,  -arum,  F. 
level,  (be)  on  a,  par,  paris. 
liberator,  liberator,  -oris,  M. 
lie,  mentior,  4,  dept. 
life,  vita,  -ae,  F. 
light,  7i.,  lux,  lucis,  F. 
light,  adj.,  levis,  -e. 
like,  v.,  void,  velle,  volui. 
like,  adj.,  similis,  -e. 
likeness,  similitude,  -inis,  F. 
lineage,  genus,  -eris,  N. 
literature,  litterae,  -arum,  F. 
little,  parvus,  -a,  -um. 
live,  vivo,  3,  vixi,  victum  est ; 

habito,  1. 
load,  v.,  onero,  1. 
load,  n.,  onus,  -eris,  N. 
lofty,  amplissimus,  -a,  -um. 
long  time  (a),  diu. 
longing,  desiderium,  -i,  N. 
lose,  amitto,  3,  -misl,  -missus  ; 

perdo,  3,  perdidi,  perditus. 
love,  v.,  amo,  1  ;  colO,  3,  colul, 

cultus. 
love,  n.,  amor,  -oris,  M.  ;  cupi- 

ditas,  -atis,  F. 


low  (of  price),  parvus,  -a,  -um. 
lower  in  rank,  inferior,  -ius. 

M 

made  (be),  cre6,  1  (pass.}. 
magistrate,  magistratus,  -us,  M. 
make,    faciS,    3,   feci,  factus ; 

—     a     speech,     orationem 

habeo,  2  ;  —  boast,  glorior, 

1 ,  dept. ;  —  mistakes,  pecco, 

1  ;  —  use,  utor,  3,  iisus  sum. 
man,  vir,  viri,  M.  ;  homo,  -inis, 

c.  ;  is,  ea,  id  (Lesson  12.1)  ; 

sometimes  untranslated. 
managed  (be),  fio,  fieri,  factum 

est. 

manner,  modus,  -1,  M. 
many,  multl,  -ae,  -a. 
matter,  res,  rei,  F. 
medicine,  medicina,  -ae,  F. 
meet,  obviam  eo,  ire,  ivi,  itum 

(est) ;  —  with,  congredior, 

3,  -gressus  with  cum. 
memory,  memoria,  -ae,  F. 
mention,  dico,  3,  dixl,  dictus 

with    de ;     commemoro,    1  ; 

mentionem    facio,    3,    feci, 

factus. 

merit,  meritum,  -1,  N. 
Metellus,  Metellus,  -I,  M. 
mildness,  mollitia,  -ae,  F. 
mile,  inille  passus  or  passuum. 
mind,  mens,  mentis,  F.  ;  animus, 

-I,  M. 

mine,  meus,  -a,  -um. 
Minucius,  Minucius,  -i,  M. 
misdeed,  facinus,  -oris,  N. 
moderate,  modicus,  -a,  -um. 
moderation,  moderatio.  -Onis,  F. 
modius,  uiodius,  -i,  M. 


moment 


55 


on 


moment,  momentum,  -i,  >•. 

money,  pecunia,  -ae,  F. 

month,  mensis,  -is,  M. 

more,  plures,  -a ;  plus,  pluris 
(Lesson  13. w); — than.magis- 
quam. 

mortal,  inortalis,  -e. 

most,  max  i  me. 

motion,  motus,  -us,  M. 

mountain,  mons,  mentis,  M. 

mourn,  deplore,  1. 

move,  moveo,  2,  movi,  motus. 

much,  multus,  -a,  -urn  ;  adv., 
multum  ;  with  comparative, 
multO. 

multitude,  multitude,  -iuis,  F. 

Murena,  Murena,  -ae,  M. 

Mutina,  Mutina,  -ae,  F. 

my,  meus,  -a,  -um  ;  often  un- 
translated. 

N 

Naevius,  Naevius,  -I,  M. 
name,  noinen,  -inis,  N. 
Naples,  Neapolis,  -is,  F. 
nation,  gens,  gentis,  F. 
natural  endowment,  ingenium, 

-I,  N. 

nature,  natura,  -ae,  F. 
nearer    (be),   propius    absum, 

-esse,  afui. 
necessary,  necesse. 
need,  opus,  N.,  indecl. 
negligent,  negligens,  -entis. 
Nestor,  NestSr,  -oris,  M. 
never,  numquam. 
new,  novus,  -a,  -um. 
night,  nox,  noctis,  F. 
ninety,  nonaginta. 
no,  nullus,  -a,  -um  ;  nihil  with 


the  gen.;  adv.,  non  ;  —  need, 

non     opus ;  —  one,     nemo 

[nullius],  c. 
none,  nullus,  -a,  -um  ;  n.,  nemo 

[nullius],  c. 
Nones,  Nonae,  -arum,  F.  (In- 

trod.  49). 
nor,  neque  ;  nee. 
not,  non ;  in  prohibitions,  ne  ; 

—  alone,    non    solum,    non 
modo ;  —  even,  ne  .  .  .  qui- 
dem  ;  —  merely,  non  solum ; 

—  only,    non     modo,    non 
solum. 

not  know,  nescio,  4. 
not  wish,  nolo,  nolle,  nolui. 
nothing,  nihil,  N.,  indecl. 
November     (of),     November, 

-bris,   -bre. 
now,  mine. 


0,  interj.  0. 

October    (of),    October,   -bris, 

-bre. 
of,  de  with  abl. ;  —  age,  use 

natus,    -a,    -um ;    —    lower 

rank,  inferior,  -ius. 
office,  honor,  -oris,  M.  ;  taberna, 

-ae,  F.  (Lesson  16.1). 
official,  magistratus,  -us,  M. 
often,  saepe. 
oil,  oleum,  -I,  N. 
old,  vetus,  -eris ;  senex,  senis  ; 

—  age,  senectus,  -utis,   F.  ; 

—  man,  senex,  senis,  M. 
on,  (of  Dates')  Introd.  49;  (  = 

concerning)    de    with    abl. ; 

—  guard,  in  vigilia  ;  —  pub- 
lic business,  publice. 


on  the  contrary 


prefer 


on  the  contrary,  contra. 

once,  semel. 

one,    unus,    -a,    -um ;    aliquis, 

-qua,  -quid  ;  indcf.  '2d  sing. ; 

unus  aliquis  (Lesson  IS.1^). 
only,  sSlum. 
open,  apertus,  -a,  -um. 
openly,  aperte. 
opinion,  oplnio,  -onis,  F. 
opposed  (be),  disstdeo,  2,  -sedi. 
or,  aut ;  vel ;  (utrum  . . .)  an. 
orator,  orator,  -oris,  M. 
order,    imperS,    1  ;    iubeS,    2, 

iussi,  iussus. 

Orestes,  Orestes,  -is,  -ae,  M. 
other,  alius,  -a,  -ud  ;  ceterus, 

-a,  -um. 
ought,   debeS,   2 ;    oportet,   2, 

-uit ;  gerundive. 
our,  noster,  -tra,  -tram, 
own   (with  'his,'  etc.),   suus, 

-a,  -um. 
owner,  dominus,  -1,  M. 


pains,  cura,  -ae,  F. 
Paphos,  Paphos,  -i,  F. 
pardon,     ignosco,     3,     -n5vi, 

-noturus. 

parent,  parens,  -entis,  c. 
part,  pars,  partis,  F. 
pass,  veniC,   4,   veni,   ventum 

(est)  (Lesson  32."). 
Paulus,  Paulus,  -I.  M. 
pay,  Iu6,  3,  lul ;  —  taxes,  vec- 

tigalia    pend5,    •>,    pependi, 

pensus. 

peace,  pax,  pacis,  F. 
penalty,  poena,  -ae,  F. 
people,  populus,  -I,  M.  ;  is,  ea,  id. 


perceive,  videS,  2,  vidi,  visus ; 

intellegS,  3,  -I6xi,  -Igctus. 
perchance,  fortasse. 
performer,  histrio,  -6nis,  M. 
perhaps,  fortasse. 
personal,  suus,  -a,  -um. 
persuade,  persuadeo,  2,  -suasi, 

suasum  (est). 
Philo,  Philo,  -6nig,  M. 
philosopher,  philosophus,  -i,  M. 
pity,  misericordia,  -ae,  F. 
place,  locus,  -i,  M. 
plan,  consilium,  -i,  N. 
Plato,  Plat6,  -Onis,  M. 
play,  fabula,  -ae,  F. 
pleasant,  iucundus,  -a,  -um. 
please,  places,  2,  placui,  placi- 

turus. 

pleasing,  gratus,  -a,  -um. 
pleasure,  voluptas,  -atis,  F. 
point,  locus,  -i,  M. 
poor,     pauper,     -eris ;     inops, 

inopis. 

possess,  habed,  2. 
possessed  of,  praeditus,  -a,  -um. 
poverty,  paupertas,  -atis,  F. 
power,  potestas,  -atis,  F.  ;  po- 

tentia,  -ae,  F. 
practice,  exerceO,  2. 
praetor,  praetor,  -oris,  M. 
praise,  lauds,  1. 
pray,  t?.,  opto,  1. 
pray,  adv.,  igitur. 
prayer,  prex,  precis,  F.  (only  in 

plu.). 

precept,  praeceptum,  -I,  N. 
prefer,    malo,    malle,    malui ; 

praefero,  -ferre,  -tull,  -latus  ; 

prefer  ...  to,  malo  . . .  quam  ; 

antepOnS,  3,  -posul,  -positus. 


57 


retain 


prepare,  paro,  1. 

present  (be),  adsuni,  .  -esse, 
-fui. 

preserve,  conserve,  1. 

prevail  upon,  exoro,  1. 

prevent,  impedio,  4  ;  quo- 
minus  (Lesson  21.s). 

price,  pretium,  -1,  N. 

pride,  superbia,  -ae,  F. 

priesthood,  saeerdOtium,  -i,  N. 

private,  privatns,  -a,  -uin. 

proceed,  venio,  4,  veni,  ventum 
(est);  proficlscor,  3,  -fectus 
sum. 

promise,  polliceor,  2,  dept. 

proscription,  proscrlptiO,  -6nis, 
F. 

protection,  tulela,  -ae,  F. 

prove  guilty,  convince,  3,  -vici, 
-victus. 

provided  only,  dummodo. 

provided  that,  dummodo ; 
modo. 

province,  provincia,  -ae,  F. 

prudence,  prudentia,  -ae,  F. 

public,  publicus,  -a,  -um  ;  — en- 
emy, hostis,  -is,  c. 

punishment,  poena,  -ae,  F. 

purpose,  voluntas,  -atis,  F. 

put  in  claim,  postulo,  1. 

put  in  veto,  interc6d6, 3,  -cessl, 
-cessum  (est). 

put  up,  figO,  3,  flxl,  flxus. 

Pylades,  Pylades,  -ae,  -is,  M. 

Pyrrhus,  Pyrrhus,  -I,  M. 


quarter,  pars,  partis,  F. 
quiet,  remlssus,  -a,  -um. 
Quintus,  Quintus,  -I,  M. 


race,  genus,  -eris,  N. 

raise  cry,  clamo,  1. 

rank,  ordo,  -inis,  M. 

rashness,  temeritas,  -atis,  F. 

rather  than,  potiusquam  ;  ma- 
gisquatn  ;  quam  (Lesson  3.10). 

reach,  pervenio,  4,  -venl,  -ven- 
tum (est) ,  with  ad  and  ace. 

read,  lego,  3,  legi,  lectus  ;  re- 
citS,  1. 

reap,  percipiO,  3,  -cepl,  -ceptus. 

reason,  causa,  -ae,  F. 

reasoning,  ratio,  -onis,  F. 

recollection,  recordatio,  -Onis,  F. 

refer,  refero,  -ferre,  -tuli,  -latus. 

refuse,  recuso,  1. 

reign,  regno,  1. 

reject,  reicio,  3,  -iecl,  -iectus. 

rejoice,  gaudeo,  2,  gavisus. 

relate,  dico,  3,  dixi,  dictus. 

relying,  fretus,  -a,  -um. 

remain,  maneo,  2,  mansi,  man- 
surus ;  remaneo,  2,  -mans!, 
-mansurus. 

remark,  dictum,  -i,  N. 

remember,  memini,  -isse ;  re- 
corder, 1,  dept. 

repent,  paenitet,  2,  -uit. 

reply,  v.,  respondeo,  2,  -spondi, 
-spOnsus. 

reply,  n.,  respOnsum,  -I,  N. 

reserve,  reserve,  1. 

resist,  resisto,  3,  -stitl. 

resource,  opes,  -um,  F. 

respond,  respondeO,  2,  -spondi, 
-spOnsus. 

restore,  rfistituo,  3,  -stitui,  -sti- 
tutus. 

retain,  teneO,  2. 


retake 


58 


slaughter 


retake,  recipio, :},  -cCpi,  -ceptus. 
return,  ».,  reddo,  3,  -didl,  -di- 

tus ;  reverto,  3,  -verti,  -ver- 

sum  est ;   recipio,   3,   -c6pi, 

-ceptus  (reflex.). 
return,  n.,  reditus,  -us,  M. 
rich,  dives,  -itis. 
rights,  ius,  iuris,  N. 
rob.  spolio,  1. 
Roman,    Romanus,    -a,    -um ; 

pin.  subst.,  Romani,  -oruin,  M. 
Rome,  Roma,  -ae,  F. 
room,  cella,  -ae,  F. 
Roscius,  Roscius,  -i,  M. 
Rufus,  Rufus,  -i,  M. 
ruined,  perditus,  -a,  -um. 
rule,  v.,  regno,  1  ;  —  over,  im- 

pero,  1. 
rule,  n.,  ratio,  -onis,  F. 


Sabines,  Sablnl,  -ornm,  M. 
sad,  maestus,  -a,  -um. 
safeguard,  salus,  -utis,  F. 
safely,  use  tutus,  -a,  -um. 
Saguntum.  Saguntum,  -I,  N. 
sake,  causa,  -ae,  F.;  gratia, -ae,  F. 
salute,  salut5,  1. 
same,  Idem,  eadem,  idem, 
sanctity,  sanctitas,  -atis,  F. 
sate,  exple5,  2,  -plevi,  -pletus. 
save,  servo,  1. 
say,  dlco,  3,  dixi,  dictus. 
Scaevola,  Scaevola,  -ae,  M. 
Scipio,  Sclpio,  -onis,  M. 
season,  tempus,  -oris,  N. 
seated    (be),    sedeo,    2,    secll, 

sessurus. 
secure,    assequor,    3,    -secutus 

sum. 


see,  videO,  2,  vidi,  visus  ;  vis6, 

3,   visl,   visus ;  intellego,   3, 

-16x1,  -iSctus  ;  —  to  it,  video  ; 

euro,  1. 

seek,  adpeto,  3,  -petlvl,  -petitus. 
seem,   seem    best,    videor,    2, 

vlsum  (est),  visus. 
self,  sui. 
sell,  vendo,  3,  vgndidi,  vendi- 

tus. 

senate,  senatus,  -us,  M. 
send,  mitto,  3,  misi,  missus. 
separate,    secern5,    3,    -crevi, 

-cr6tus ;   diiungo,   3,   -iunxi, 

-iunctus. 
September    (of),     September, 

-bris,  -bre. 

serious,  magnus,  -a,  -um. 
servant,  servus,  -1,  M. 
serve  out,  servio,  4. 
Servius,  Servius,  -i,  M. 
sesterce,  sestertius,  -I,  M. 
set  out,  proficiscor,  3,  -fectus 

sum. 

Sextius,  S6xtius,  -1,  M. 
shameful,  foedus,  -a,  -um. 
shamelessness,  audacia,  -ae,  F. 
ship,  navis,  -is,  F. 
should,  debeo,2  ;  oportet,  2,  -nit, 
show,    doceo,   2,   -ui,   doctus ; 

ostendo,  3,  -tendi,  -tentus. 
Sicily,  Sicilia,  -ae,  F. 
sick,  aeger,  -gra,  -grum. 
sign,  signum,  -i,  N. 
silence,  silentium,  -i,  N. 
silent    (be),    taceo,    2,   tacui, 

tacitiirus. 

simple,  simplex,  -icis. 
since,  cum  ;  quoniatn. 
slaughter,  caedes.  -is,  F. 


slave 


59 


take 


slave,  servus,  -I,  M.  ;  be  a  — , 
servio,  4. 

slavery,  servitus,  -utis,  F. 

sleep,  somnus,  -I,  M. 

so,  sic ;  tarn ;  ita  ;  so  ...  as, 
ita  ...  ut ;  tarn  ...  ut ;  tarn 
. . .  quam. 

so  great,  tantus,  -a,  -um. 

so  long  as,  quoad. 

so  much  that,  sic  ...  ut. 

so  that,  ut ;  sic  ...  ut ;  ita  . . . 
ut. 

Socrates,  Socrates,  -is,  M. 

sold  (be),  veneo,  4,  -ivl. 

soldier,  miles,  -itis,  M. 

some,  some  one,  something, 
aliqui  (-quis),  -qua,  -quod 
(-quid)  ;  quis,  quae,  quid. 

son,  filius,  -I.  M. 

soon, inox.    . 

sort,  modus,  -i,  M. 

soul,  animus,  -i,  M. 

speak,  dico,  3,  dlxl,  dictus ; 
loquor,  3,  locutus  sum ;  dis- 
ser6,  3,  -serul,  -sertus  ;  —  of, 
loquor  with  de  and  abl. ; 
—  with,  loquor  with  cum 
and  abl. 

speech,  oratio,  -onis,  F. 

splendid,  praeclarus,  -a,  -um. 

spread,  sterns,  3,  stravl,  stra- 
tus. 

spring,  orior,  4,  ortus  sum. 

stand,  sto,  1,  stetl. 

state,  res  (rei,  F.)  piiblica  (-us, 
-a,  -um). 

station,  colloco,  1. 

statue,  signum,  -1,  N. 

still,  tamen. 

stop,  subsistO,  3,  -stitl. 


storm,  tempestas,  -atis,  F. 
strength,  vires,  -iuin,  F. 
strife,  contentio,  -onis,  F. 
style,  genus,  -eris,  N.  ;  consue- 

tude    (-inis,     F.)     scribendi 

(Lesson  6.11). 
subject,  res,  rei,  F.  ;  causa,  -ae, 

F.  (Lesson  32?~). 
such  (a)  ,  tails,  -e  ;  —  great, 

tantus,  -a,  -um. 
such  .  .  .  that,  ita  ...  ut. 
suffering,    cruciatus,   -us,    M.  ; 

miseria,  -ae,  F. 
suited,  accommodatus,  -a,  -um  ; 

decorus,    -a,    -um    (Lesson 


Sulla,  Sulla,  -ae,  M. 
Sulpicius,  Sulpicius,  -i,  M. 
summon,  arcesso,  3,  -ivl,  -Itus  ; 

—  to  court,  in  iudicium  voco, 

1. 
superior,  praestabilis,  -e  ;  be  —  , 

praesto,  1,  -stitl,  -staturus. 
supplied  (be  well),  abundo,  1. 
sure,  certus,  -a,  -um. 
surely,  certO. 
surpass,  superO,  1. 
suspect,  suspicor,  1,  dept. 
suspicion,  suspicio,  -onis,  F. 
sweet,  dulcis,  -e. 
Syracuse,  Syracusae,  -arum,  F. 


tablet,  tabula,  -ae,  F. 

take,  capio,  3,  cepi,  captus ; 
accipio,  3,  -cepi,  -ceptus ; 
-  away,  tollO,  3,  sustuli, 
sublatus  ;  abstraho,  3,  -traxl, 
-tractus ;  —  from.  rapiO,  3, 
rapui,  raptus ;  eripid,  3, 


Tarentum 


60 


to 


-ripui,    -reptus ;    extorqueO, 

2,  -torsi,  -tortus  ;  —  pains, 
curam  adhibeo,  2. 

Tarentum,  Tarentum,  -i,  N. 

teach,  doceo,  2,  -ui,  doctus. 

tear,  lacriina,  -ae,  F. 

tell,  dic5,  3,  dixi,  dictus ;  ex- 
ponO,  3,  -posui,  -positus ; 
narrG,  1  ;  praescribo,  3, 
-scrips!,  -scrlptus;  intelleg5, 

3,  -lexi,  -lectus  (Lesson  SO.10). 
temple,  templum,  -i,  N.  ;  aedes, 

-is,  F. 

ten,  decem. 

testimony,  testimOnium,  -i, 
x. 

than,  quam  ;  ablative  case. 

thank,  gratias  ago,  3,  6gi, 
actus. 

that,  pron.,  ille,  -a,  -ud  ;  hie, 
haec,  hOc ;  is,  ea,  id ;  rel. 
pron.,  qui,  quae,  quod. 

that,  conj.  (purpose),  ut,  qui, 
causa  and  gratia;  (result), 
ut,  qui;  (verbs  of  fearing), 
ne ;  (of  doubt),  quin  ;  not 
translated  by  any  one  word 
ivhen  introducing  indirect 
discourse  or  complementary 
infinitive;  —  no,  ne  (pur- 
pose) ;  —  not,  ut  or  ne  non 
(fearing)  ;  —  something,  ne 
quid  (fearing). 

the,  untranslated  often ;  is,  ea, 
id. 

the  (things),  ea,  eOrum,  N. 

theft,  fiirtum,  -T,  N. 

their,  suus,  -a,  -urn  ;  eOrurn  ; 
untranslated  often. 

them,  see  they. 


themselves,  sui. 

then,  tuin. 

there,  ibi. 

there  (art;  etc.),  untranslated. 

therefore,  igitur. 

Thessaly,  Thessalia,  -ae,  F. 

they,  is,  ea,  id;  sui;  untrans- 
lated often. 

thing,  r6s,  rel,  F.  ;  is,  ea,  id  ; 
untranslated  often. 

think,  arbitror,  1,  dept. ;  puto, 
1  ;  sentio,  4,  s6nsi,  sensus  ; 
considers,  1  ;  —  more  highly 
of,  use  forms  of  plus  <n«i 
faciO  ;  —  so  highly  of,  use 
forms  of  tantus  and  facio. 

this,  these  (things),  is,  ea,  id  ; 
hie,  haec,  h5c. 

those,  those  (things),  ille,  -a, 
-ud ;  is,  ea,  id ;  —  who, 
(sunt)  qui. 

though,  cum,  licet,  quam  vis, 
si  (Lesson  lfi.lf>),  tametsi. 

thousand,  mille  ;  (sesterces), 
sestertium,  -i,  N. 

threaten,  minor,  1,  dept. 

three,  tr6s,  tria ;  —  hundred, 
trecenti,  -ae,  -a. 

through,  per  with  ace. ;  through 
. . .  agency,  efforts,  Intrtxl 
14;  —  my  fault,  mea  culpa. 

throughout,  per  with  ace. 

thus,  itaque. 

Tiberius,  Tiberius,  -i,  M. 

till,  dum. 

time,  tempus,  -Oris,  N. 

to,  prep.,  in,  ad  with  ace. 

to  (of  infinitive),  ut  (purpose 
and  object  clauses)  ;  qui 
( purpose  and  characteristic) ; 


to-day 


61 


We 


ad  with  ace.  of  gerundive ; 

supine  in  -um. 
to-day,  hodie. 
toil,  labor,  -oris,  si. 
tongue,  lingua,  -ae,  F. 
too,  etiam  ;  et. 
toward,  in  irith  ace. 
town,  oppiduin,  -I,  x. 
trade,  negotior,  1,  dept. 
train,  exerceo,  2. 
training,  exercitatio,  -oiiis,  F. 
tree  trunk,  truncus,  -I,  M. 
trial,  iudiciuin,  -I,  N. 
tribuneship,  tribunatus,  -us,  M. 
trophy,  palma,  -ae,  F. 
trouble,   labor,  -oris,  M.  ;   res, 

rel,  F.  (Lesson  ^.13). 
troublesome,  molestus,  -a,  -um. 
true,  verus,  -a,  -um. 
trust,  fidem  habe5,  2. 
truth,  v6ritas,  -atis,  F. 
try,  conor,  1,  dept. 
turn,  verto,  3,  verti,  versus, 
twenty,  vigintl. 
two,  duo,  -ae,  -o. 
tyrant,  tyrannus.  -I,  M. 


uncertain,  fragilis,  -e. 

under  guardianship,  protec- 
tion, in  tutela. 

undergo,  subeO,  -Ire,  -ii,  -itus. 

unfailing,  certus,  -a,  -um. 

unfriendly,  inirnlcus,  -a,  -um. 

universal,  universus,  -a,  -um. 

unjust,  iniustus,  -a,  -um. 

unless,  nisi. 

until,  dum. 

unwilling  (be),  nolo,  nOlle, 
nolul. 


unworthy,  indignus,  -a,  -um. 
upright,  probus,  -a,  -um. 
uprising,  tumultus,  -us,  M. 
urge,  hortor,  1,  dept. 
us,  see  we. 
use,  utor,  3,  usus. 
used    (be),    soleo,    2,    solitus 
sum  ;  imperfect  tense. 


valor,  virtus,  -utis,  F. 
valuable  (be  more),  forms  of 

sum  and  plus. 
value  (be  of  greater),  forms  of 

sum  and  plus. 

variance  (be  at),  repugnO,  1. 
very,    etiam    (Lesson    ftf.11)  ; 

superlative  degree. 
victorious,    victor,     -oris,    M.. 

used  as  adj.;  be  — ,  vincO,  3, 

vie!,  victus. 
view,  oplnio,  -onis,  F. 
virtue,  virtfls,  -utis,  F. 
voice,  vox,  vOcis,  F. 

W 

wage  war,  bellum  ger5,  3,  gessT, 

gestus. 

wait,  expects,  1. 
wall,  murus,  -I,  M. 
want,  vol5,  velle,  volui. 
war,  bellum,  -I,  N. 
ward    off,    depello,    3,    -pull, 

-pulsus. 

watch,  observo,  1. 
water,  aqua,  -ae,  F. 
way,    modus,    -i,    M.  ;    ratio, 

-onis,  F. 
we,  nos,  nostrum,  nostrl ;  «H- 

translated  often. 


weak 


62 


yet 


weak,  imbellis,  -e. 

wealth,  dlvitiae,  -arum,  F. 

weight,  poudus,  -eris,  N. 

weighty,  gravis,  -e. 

well,  bene ;  well-known,   n5- 

bilis,  -e ;  well-trained,  bene 

institiitus. 
what,  pron.,  qui,  quae,  quod 

(compound    rel.   pron.    and 

exclam.    adj.);    quis    (qul), 

quae,  quid  (quod),  (interrog. 

pron.  and  adj.). 
what,     adv.,     (exclamatory), 

quam. 

what  sort,  qualis,  -e. 
whatever,    qulcumque,    quae- 

cumque,  quodcumque. 
when,  ubi ;  cum  (temporal  and 

concessive). 
where,  ubi. 
wherefore,  igitur. 
whether,  -ne  ;  whether  ...  or, 

utrum  ...  an. 

whether  at  any  time,  si  quando. 
which,    see    what ;    (of  two) 

uter,  -tra,  -tram, 
while,  cum. 
whither,  quo. 
who,  see  what, 
whole,  totus,  -a,  -um. 
why,  cur,  quid,  qua  re", 
wickedness,  scelus,  -eris,  N. 
wife,  uxor,  -oris,  F. 
will,  testamentum,  -I,  N. 
willing  (be),  volo,  velle,  volul. 
wisdom,  sapientia,  -ae,  F. 
wise,  wise  man,  sapiens,  -entis, 

M. 

wise,  n.,  modus,  -I,  M. 
wish,  volo,  velle,  volui. 


with,  cum  with  abl.;  use  a 
gen.  (Lesson  SO.1'2);  a  with 
abl.  (Lesson  3J.*) 

with  resignation,  inolliter. 

withdraw,  rec6d5, 3,  -cessi,  -ces- 
sum  (est)  ;  s6c6dO,  3,  -cessl, 
-cessum  (est)  ;  recipio,  3, 
-cepi,  -ceptus  (reflex.). 

without,  sine  with  abl.  ;  be  — , 
careo,  2,  -ul,  -iturus  ;  —  ex- 
perience, expers,  -tis. 

withstand,  resists,  3,  -stiti. 

witness,  testis,  -is,  c. 

wonderful,  mirabilis,  -e ;  ad- 
mlrabilis,  -e  ;  singularis,  -e. 

word,  n.,  verbum,  -!,  N. 

word,  v.,  scrlbo,  3,  scrips!, 
scriptus. 

work,  opus,  -eris,  N. 

worth  more  (be),  forms  of 
sum  and  plus. 

worth  while  (be),  forms  of 
sum  and  tantus. 

worthless,  nequam,  inded. 

worthy,  dignus,  -a,  -um. 

would  that,  utinam. 

wrest,  6ripi5,  3,  -ripul,  -rep- 
tus. 

wretch,  scelestus,  -a,  -um  (used 
as  noun). 

wretched,  miser,  -era,.-erum. 

write,  scrlbO,  3,  scrips!,  scrip- 
tus. 

wrong,  delictum,  -I,  N.  ;  iniu- 
ria,  -ae,  F.  ;  facinus,  -oris,  N. 


year,  annus,  -T,  M.;  years  of 

age,  use  natus. 
yet,  tamen. 


yield 


63 


youth 


yield,   ced6,   3,   cessi,   cessum  j  your,    tuus,   -a,   -urn ;    vester, 
(est).  -tra,  -train. 


you,  tu,  tul ;  vos,  vestruui,  ves- 
tri ;  untranslated  often. 

young  (the),  iuventus,  -utis,  r. 

young,  adj.,  adulescens,  -en- 
tis. 


yourself,  tul  (reflex.)  ;  ipse,  -a, 


youth  (a),  adulescens,  -entis, 

M.  ;  iuvenis,  -is,  c. 
youth,  iuventus,  -utis,  F. 


14 


A  Latin  Grammar. 

By  Professor  CHARLES  E.  BENNETT,  Cornell  University,    izmo,  cloth, 
382  pages.     Price,  80  cents. 

IN  this  book  the  essential  facts  of  Latin  Grammar  are  pre- 
sented within  the  smallest  compass  consistent  with  high 
scholarly  standards.  It  covers  not  only  the  work  of  the  pre- 
paratory school,  but  also  that  of  the  required  courses  in  college 
and  university.  By  omitting  rare  forms  and  syntactical  usages 
found  only  in  ante-classical  and  post-classical  Latin,  and  by 
relegating  to  an  Appendix  theoretical  and  historical  questions, 
it  has  been  found  possible  to  treat  the  subject  with  entire  ade- 
quacy in  the  compass  of  250  pages  exclusive  of  Indexes.  In 
the  German  schools,  books  of  this  scope  fully  meet  the  exacting 
demands  of  the  entire  gymriasial  course,  and  those  who  have 
tried  Bennett's  Grammar  find  that  they  are  materially  helped  by 
l;eing  relieved  oi  the  mass  cu  useless  and  irrelevant  matter  which 
Forms  the  bulk  of  the  ol(W  grammar*  All  Latin  texts  fov  read- 
ing in  secondary  schools,  recently  issued,  contain  references  in 
the  notes  to  Bennett's  Latin  Grammar. 

Professor  William  A.  Houghton,  Bowdoin  College,  Brunswick,  Maine: 
The  Grammar  proper  is  admirably  adapted  to  its  purpose  in  its  clearness 
of  arrangement  and  classification,  and  in  its  simplicity  and  precision  of 
statement,  giving  definitely  just  what  the  pupil  must  know,  and  not  crowd- 
ing the  page  with  a  mass  of  matter  that  too  often  disheartens  the  young 
student  instead  of  helping  him.  I  trust  it  will  come  into  general  use,  for 
I  think  for  the  reasons  just  given,  and  because  of  its  moderate  compass 
and  attractive  appearance,  students  are  likely  to  get  more  practical  gram- 
matical knowledge  out  of  it  than  they  generally  do  from  the  larger 
grammars. 

John  P.  Peck,  Oberlin  Academy,  Oberlin,  Ohio  :  Bennett's  Latin  Grammar 
was  adopted  as  a  text-book  in  Oberlin  Academy  in  1897.  It  is  proving 
itself  a  very  satisfactory  text-book  and  increasingly  popular.  The  teachers 
of  Latin  in  Oberlin  Academy  are  thoroughly  satisfied  with  the  book  and 
iiiul  it  exceedingly  helpful  in  their  work. 

The  Critic,  Feb.  29,  1896.  The  book  is  a  marvel  of  condensed,  yet  clear 
and  forcible,  statement.  The  ground  covered  in  the  treatment  of  forms 
and  syntax  is  adequate  for  ordinary  school  work  and  for  the  use  of  fresli- 
men  and  sophomores  in  college. 


LA  TIN.  16 

Appendix  to  Bennett's  Latin  Grammar. 

By  Professor  CHARLES  E.  BENNETT,  Cornell   University.    For  uni- 
versity work,     ismo,  cloth,  246  pages.     Price,  80  cents. 

''F'HE  purpose  of  this  book  is  to  give  such  information  regard- 
I       ing  the  history  and  development  of  the  Latin  language  as 
experience  has  shown  to  be  of  service  to  advanced  students. 

The  subjects  treated  are  the  Latin  Alphabet,  Pronunciation, 
Hidden  Quantity,  Accent,  Orthography,  The  Latin  Sounds, 
Inflections,  Adverbs  and  Prepositions,  and  Syntax.  Of  these 
subjects,  those  of  Hidden  Quantity,  Inflections,  and  Syntax  re- 
ceive special  attention ;  and  the  results  of  recent  investigation 
are  set  forth  fully  and  clearly,  but  in  compact  form. 

Professor  Edouard  Wblfflin,  in  the  Archiv  fur  Lateinische  Lexikographie 
und  Grammatik.  February,  1896.  Auf  geringem  Raume  ist  viel  wis- 
senswiirdiges  zusammengedrangt,  und  zwar  mit  praktischem  Geschicke  ; 
zwei  langere  Listen  geben  die  lateinisehen  WQrter  von  bestrittener  Qnan- 
titat  und  Orthographic,  wobei  die  Ansatze  von  Marx  oft  berichtigt  sind. 
.  .  .  Die  deutsche  Wissenschaft  wird  sich  nur  freuen  dass  das  amerikan- 
ische  Schulvvesen  ein  so  brauchbares  Hilfsmittel  gewonnen  hat. 

Professor  Hermann  Osthoff,  University  of  Heidelberg:  Steht  auf  der 
Hb'he  des  heutigen  Wissens. 

Professor  Harry  Thurston  Peck,  Columbia  College,  N.Y.:  It  is  no  exag- 
geration to  say  that  so  compact,  helpful,  and  practical  a  collection  of 
indispensable  information  cannot  be  found  elsewhere  in  any  language 
whatsoever.  Even  in  Germany,  the  home  of  classical  enchiridia,  nothing 
has  yet  appeared  that  is  so  satisfactory.  Professor  Bennett  seems  to 
divine  by  instinct  just  what  questions  arise  in  the  mind  of  the  student, 
and  he  here  answers  them  in  advance  in  a  delightfully  lucid  and  simple 
fashion.  .  .  .  Everywhere  the  best  authorities  are  cited  ;  and  it  is  certain 
that  to  many  teachers,  as  well  as  students,  the  mere  perusal  of  this  little 
manual  will  open  up  many  new  vistas,  and  will  put  them  in  touch  with  the 
most  scholarly  doctrine  of  the  day.  In  fact  the  book  is  one  that  no  pro- 
gressive instructor  can  afford  to  be  without,  as  it  summarizes  an  immense 
amount  of  information  that  is  of  the  utmost  practical  importance. 


Complete  Edition. 


BENNETT'S  Latin  Grammar  and  Appendix  in  one  volume.    lamo,  half 
leather,  282 +  246  pages.     Price,  $1.25. 


16  LA  TIN. 

Latin  Composition. 

By  Professor  CHARLES    E.    BENNETT,  Cornell  University.      i6mo, 
cloth,  172  pages.     Price,  80  cents. 

THIS  book  has  been  prepared  with  the  conviction  that  the 
primary  function  of  Latin  Composition  in  secondary  schools 
,s  to  extend  and  strengthen  the  pupil's  knowledge  of  Latin  gram- 
mar. Accordingly,  the  lessons  are  devoted  mainly  to  exercises 
in  applying  the  principles  of  the  various  case  r.nd  mood  construc- 
tions recognized  in  our  Latin  Grammars.  In  order  that  the 
writing  of  continuous  discourse  may  not  be  neglected,  passages 
of  simple  English  narrative,  involving  the  principles  covered  in 
the  previous  exercises,  are  frequently  introduced. 

Grammatical  references  are  to  Bennett,  Allen  &  Greenough, 
and  Harkness. 

The  illustrative  examples  given  at  the  beginning  of  each  lesson 
have  been  drawn  with  great  care  from  Latin  literature —  mainly 
from  Cicero's  speeches.  The  English  sentences  set  for  transla- 
tion into  Latin  have  also,  in  most  cases,  been  suggested  by  pas- 
sages occurring  in  the  works  of  classical  authors. 

J.  Edmund  Barss,  Hotchkiss  School,  Lakeville,  Conn.:  I  have  been  using 
Bennett's  Latin  Composition  with  a  class  reading  Virgil.  I  have  found  it 
a  thoroughly  usable  book,  both  with  the  author's  and  with  other  standard 
grammars;  and  I  am  especially  pleased  with  the  successful  union  of 
interest  with  practical  fitness  in  the  sentences. 

Professor  S.  C.  Mitchell,  Richmond  College,  Va.:  It  is  the  most  sensible 
and  helpful  book  of  its  kind  that  has  come  into  my  hands. 

The  Quantitatiue  Reading  of  Latin  Poetry. 

By   Professor    CHARLES    E.   BENNETT,   Cornell    University.      I2mo, 
paper,  49  pages.     Price,  25  cents. 

RELIEVING  that  a  more  thorough  study  of  the  oral  reading 
13  of  Latin  Poetry  may  prove  a  source  of  pleasure  and  profit, 
not  only  to  the  pupils  but  also  to  many  teachers  of  the  language, 
Professor  Bennett  has  prepared  this  little  monograph  emphasizing 
the  importance  of  the  knowledge  of  quantities  as  well  as  of  rhythm. 


LA  TIN.  17 

Latin  Lessons. 

By  Professor  CHARLES  E.  BENNETT,  of  Cornell  University.     i6mo, 
cloth,  191  pages.     Price,  70  cents. 

PROFESSOR  BENNETT  is  a  believer  in  the  old-fashioned 
1  method  of  beginning  Latin,  that  is,  learning  the  forms  first, 
learning  them  in  order,  and  learning  them  once  and  for  all.  The 
Latin  Lessons  is  a  book  that  sends  the  beginner  directly  to  the 
grammar  for  forms  and  rules,  taking  them  up  in  their  regular 
order.  Complete  sentences  are  found  in  the  very  first  lesson, 
and  easy  stories  are  introduced  as  soon  as  the  pupil  has  learned 
enough  grammar,  in  the  regular  order,  to  read  them.  Teachers 
who  believe  in  the  method  of  "  resolute,  systematic,  and  sustained 
attack  on  declensions  and  conjugations  "  will  find  Professor  Ben- 
nett's new  book  admirably  suited  to  help  them  in  their  work. 

A.  L.  K.  Volkmann,  Volkmann  School,  Boston,  Mass. :  I  like  Bennett's 
Latin  Lessons  very  much.  You  are  getting  somewhere,  and  you  know 
what  you  have  got,  and  you  get  the  -whole  thing,  which  is  the  main  point. 


The  Foundations  of  Latin. 


A  book  for  beginners.    By  Professor  CHARLES  E.  BENNETT,  of  Cor- 
nell University.     12010,  cloth,  231  pages.     Price,  90  cents. 

THIS  book  presents  the  matter  for  the  beginner  in  Latin  in 
sixty  chapters,  the  first  thirty-five  devoted  almost  entirely 
to  inflections,  the  remaining  twenty-five  to  syntax,  both  subjects 
being  treated  in  the  order  in  which  they  are  usually  found  in  the 
grammar.  Such  rules  of  syntax  as  are  needed  for  reading  and 
writing  simple  sentences  are  given  in  the  earliest  lessons,  so  that 
the  pupil  has  constant  drill  on  the  forms  while  acquiring  them  ; 
but  the  systematic  study  of  general  syntax  is  postponed  till  the 
pupil  shall  have  mastered  the  forms.  The  book  serves  equally 
well  as  an  introduction  to  Caesar  or  Nepos. 

Dr.  R.  M.  Jones,  Penn  Charter  School,  Philadelphia,  Pa.  :  We  have  adopted 
Bennett's  Foundations  of  Latin.  It  is  the  best  book  of  its  class. 

George  D.  Bartlett,  Pratt  Institute,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  :  I  have  used  a  great 
many  introductory  Latin  books,  and  have  found  none  so  satisfactory  as 
Bennett's  Foundations  of  Latin. 


18  LA  TIN. 

Ccesar's  Gallic  War. 

Revised  Edition,  with  Indicated  Quantities,  Introduction,  Notes, 
Vocabulary,  Table  of  Idioms,  Key  to  the  English  Pronunciation  of 
Proper  Names,  Illustrations,  and  Maps.  Edited  by  Professor  FRANCIS 
W.  KELSEY,  University  of  Michigan.  I2mo,  half  leather,  584  pages. 
Price,  $  1.25. 

IN  this  revised  edition  many  changes  and  additions  have  been 
made,  rendering  the  book,  without  question,  the  best- 
equipped  text  of  Caesar's  Gallic  War  published  for  school  use. 

The  Introduction  and  Notes  have  been  rewritten,  the  Vocab- 
ulary enlarged,  a  Key  to  the  English  Pronunciation  of  Proper 
Names  added,  several  plans  replaced,  and  the  Table  of  Idioms, 
so  valuable  to  beginners  for  drill  on  syntax  is  retained.  The 
Notes  have  references  to  Bennett,  Allen  and  Greenough,  and 
Harkness  (Complete  Edition) . 

The  Text  has  been  reprinted  from  new  plates  which  are  cast 
from  type  larger  than  that  used  in  the  old  book.  The  most 
important  change  in  this  new  edition  is  the  marking  of  the  long 
vowels.  This  has  been  done  in  the  belief  that  if  pupils  are 
taught  to  pronounce  accurately  in  the  first  years  of  their  Latin 
reading,  and  have  enough  practice  in  pronouncing,  they  wiL 
hardly  experience  difficulty  afterward. 

Two  editions  of  the  Text  only,  one  with  and  one  without 
marked  quantities,  have  been  prepared,  and  either  of  these  will 
be  furnished  free  to  schools  using  the  book. 

William  F.  Bradbury,  Principal  of  Latin  School,  Cambridge,  Mass. :  It  is 
a  work  of  art  in  every  respect 

Dr.  Richard  M.  Jones,  Head-Master  William  Penn  Charter  School,  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.  :  I  congratulate  you,  as  the  first  in  this  country  to  embody  the 
modern  idea  of  a  school  edition  of  Caesar,  upon  your  pluck  in  determin- 
ing to  retain  your  place  at  the  head  of  the  Caesar  column,  and  upon  the 
resources  and  enterprise  which  will  enable  you  to  stay  there.  I  have, 
therefore,  taken  great  pleasure  in  placing  the  book  upon  our  order  list  for 
next  autumn. 

James  B.  Smiley,  West  High  School,  Cleveland,  O. :  In  its  revised  form, 
Kelsey's  Caesar  seems  to  me  to  be  the  best  edition  which  we  have.  The 
typography  is  excellent  and  the  marking  of  long  vowels  is  an  added  im- 
provement 


LA  TIN.  19 

Selected  Orations  and  Letters  of  Cicero. 

With  Introduction,  Notes,  and  Vocabulary  by  Professor  FRANCIS  W. 
KELSEY.    i2mo,  half  leather,  522  pages.    Illustrated.     Price,  $1.25. 

I""1  HE  Orations  given  in  this  edition  are  the  four  against  Cati- 
1  line,  those  for  the  Manilian  Law,  Archias,  Marcellus,  and 
the  fourth  oration  against  Antony.  These  are  edited  with  a 
view  t.o  showing  their  value  as  examples  of  oratory,  rather  than 
as  offering  mere  material  for  grammatical  drill.  The  student's 
attention  is  directed  to  the  occasion  and  circumstances  of  their 
delivery,  as  well  as  to  the  motive  and  method  of  presenting  the 
matter  contained  in  them.  Modes  of  legal  procedure,  the  Con- 
stitution and  form  of  government  in  Cicero's  time,  and  the  whole 
environment  of  the  orator,  are  brought  into  clear  view,  and  made 
a  reality  to  the  student. 

The  Letters  are  selected  with  reference  to  the  light  they  shed 
on  Cicero  as  a  man  rather  than  as  a  politician.  They  afford 
pleasant  glimpses  of  his  private  life,  and  help  to  make  real  the 
pupil's  conception  of  the  times  in  which  he  lived.  As  material 
for  short  exercises  for  sight  translation  or  rapid  reading  they 
will  be  found  of  special  value. 

A  Table  of  Idioms  and  Phrases  presents,  in  form  convenient 
for  use,  constructions  that  deserve  special  attention. 

The  general  introduction  is  divided  into  four  parts.  The  first 
gives  an  account  of  Cicero  as  an  orator,  as  a  writer,  and  as  a  man. 
The  second  gives  a  summary  of  the  orations,  with  the  dates  of 
their  delivery  and  accounts  of  their  causes  and  occasions.  The 
third  part  is  an  essay  on  private  correspondence  among  the 
Romans.  The  fourth  part  is  an  extremely  useful  tabular  outline 
of  the  Roman  government  then  existing.  The  notes  contain 
references  to  the  grammars  of  Bennett,  Allen  and  Greenough,  and 
Harkness  (Standard  Edition). 
S.  F.  Cutler,  Mixed  High  School,  New  York  City  :  I  can  hardly  speak  too 

highly  of  Kelsey's  Cicero.  It  is  superior  to  any  other  edition  that  I  have  seen. 

Professor  J.  E.  Goodrich,  University  of  Vermont :  I  do  not  see  that  any- 
thing has  been  omitted  which  such  a  text-book  should  supply.  I  shall  be 
pleased  to  recommend  it 


20  LA  TIN. 

Selections  from  Ooid. 

With  an  Introduction,  Notes,  and  Vocabulary  by  Professor  FRANCIS 
W.  KELSEY.    Illustrated.    I2mo,  half  leather,  453  pages.    Price,  $1.25. 

THIS  volume  has  been  prepared  with  especial  reference  to  the 
needs  of  students  who  begin  the  reading  of  Latin  poetry 
with  Ovid.  The  selections,  with  a  few  exceptions,  are  short  and 
complete  in  themselves.  It  is  hoped  that  a  considerable  number 
of  them  will  be  found  suitable  for  sight  reading.  In  some  cases 
the  length  of  the  more  extended  passages  has  been  reduced  by 
the  omission  of  lines  or  passages  of  unusual  difficulty  or  unequal 
interest.  The  text  follows  the  readings  of  Riese  or  Merkel,  with 
the  change  of  a  word  or  two  occasionally  to  make  the  beginning 
of  a  selection  more  intelligible  in  the  absence  of  the  context. 

As  in  the  editions  of  Caesar  and  Cicero  by  the  same  editor,  no 
pains  have  been  spared  to  make  the  book  pleasing  to  the  eye 
and  useful  to  the  student. 

William  C.  Collar,  Head  Master,  Latin  School,  Roxbury,  Mass.:  I  am  glad  to 
see  an  edition  containing  so  good  and  so  varied  a  collection  from  Ovid's 
writings.  The  book  seems  to  me  to  be  a  very  conscientious  piece  of 
work,  and  I  am  particularly  pleased  with  the  frequent  and  happy  quota- 
tions, in  the  notes,  of  passages  from  English  poets. 

Outline  of  Greek  and  Roman  Mythology. 

By  Professor  FRANCIS  W.  KELSEY.    i2mo,  paper,  40  pages.    Price, 
20  cents. 

THIS  is  a  brief  but  systematic  outline  of  Greek  and  Roman 
Mythology,  with  a  list  of  reference  books.     It  is  useful 
either  as  a  help  to  students  of  classical  literature,  or  as  a  starting 
point  for  the  study  of  classic  mythology. 

Fifty  Topics  in  Roman  Antiquities. 

By  Professor  FRANCIS  W.  KELSEY.     121110,  paper,  101  pages.     Price, 
50  cents. 

THESE  "  Topics  with  References  "  are  printed  for  convenience 
in  assigning  work  in  Roman  Antiquities  to  university  Latin 
students, 


LATIN.  21 

Sal  lust's  Catiline. 

Edited    by   JARED  W.  SCUDDER,   of   the    Albany   Academy,  N.Y, 
121110,  cloth,  245  pages.     Price,  $1.00. 

THE  fact  that  Sallust's  Bellum  Catilinae  properly  introduces 
Cicero's  Orations  against  Catiline  is  becoming  more  and 
more  widely  recognized.  This  edition  has  been  prepared  with  a 
view  to  enabling  the  pupil  to  get  every  possible  benefit  from  such 
an  introduction,  not  only  through  the  valuable  notes  and  explan- 
atory matter,  but  particularly  through  the  quotation,  at  the  bottom 
of  the  pages,  of  parallel  passages  from  Cicero.  In  the  notes  and 
vocabulary  these  passages  are  treated  as  the  text.  This  feature 
adds  to  the  book  real  value,  as  well  as  interest,  for  it  gives  the 
pupil  opportunity  to  compare  the  two  authors  in  points  of  style 
and  syntax.  The  quantities  are  marked,  and  the  notes,  vcabu- 
lary,  and  introductory  matter  are  clear,  comprehensive,  and  help- 
ful. The  book  includes  a  collection  of  Sallust's  epigrams. 

George  H.  Browne,  The  Browne  and  Nichols  School,  Cambridge,  Mass.  : 
We  have  been  using  Scudder  s  Sallust  in  sheets  with  success,  and  we 
welcome  the  complete  book.  Our  adoption  of  it  is  sufficient  evidence  of 
our  approval.  I  especially  commend  the  parallel  extracts  from  Cicero, 
the  analytical  index,  the  marked  quantities,  the  temperate  introduction, 
and  the  adequate  annotation.  You  have  supplied  a  much  needed  text- 
book for  "  Third  Year  Latin,"  well  printed,  well  edited,  and  well  bound. 

A  Supplementary  Latin  Composition. 

By  H.  C.  NUTTING,  of  the  University  of  California.     i6mo,  cloth,  191 
pages.     Price,  40  cents. 

THIS  manual  is  designed  not  to  take  the  place  of  books  based 
on  the  old  methods  of  Latin  composition,  but  to  supplement 
them.  Each  of  the  six  Parts  of  the  book  gives  the  student  a 
chance  to  illustrate  at  least  once  all  the  points  outlined  in  the 
grammatical  introduction,  thus  providing  for  six  complete  exami- 
nations on  the  essential  principles  of  Latin  grammar.  The  order 
in  which  the  principles  occur  varies  from  Part  to  Part,  as  does 
also  the  guise  in  which  they  appear,  in  order  that  the  student 
may  recognize  them  on  their  own  merit*-. 


22  LATIN. 

Selections  from  Viri  Romce. 

With  Notes,  Exercises,  Maps,  and  a  Vocabulary  by  Professor  JOHN  C. 
ROLFE,  University  of  Michigan.  i6mo,  cloth,  312  pages.  Price,  75  cents. 

URBIS  ROM/E  VIRI  ILLUSTRES  is  a  compilation  from 
Cicero,  Livy,  Valerius  Maximus,  and  other  Roman  writers. 
It  is  admirably  adapted  to  help  the  pupil  over  the  difficult  tran- 
sition from  the  introductory  Latin  book  to  Caesar  or  Nepos. 

The  advantage  in  its  use  lies  in  the  fact  that  it  is  full  of  vari- 
ety and  interest,  and  that  it  gives  the  pupil  a  sketch  of  Roman 
history  from  Romulus  to  Augustus,  in  an  attractive  form,  to- 
gether with  many  allusions  to  the  customs  of  Roman  life. 

In  the  present  edition  the  quantities  of  all  the  long  vowels, 
including  "hidden  quantities,"  are  marked;  exercises  for  trans- 
lation of  English  into  Latin,  based  on  the  text,  are  given. 

Thirty-nine  pages  of  the  book  have  been  prepared  for  reading 
at  sight.  The  other  selections  are  annotated  with  grammatical 
and  explanatory  notes.  In  the  passages  for  sight  reading,  the 
meanings  of  such  new  words  as  cannot  readily  be  inferred  are 
given  at  the  bottom  of  the  page.  The  notes  lay  especial  em- 
phasis on  grammatical  constructions  which  are  impressed  on  the 
pupil's  mind  by  cross  references.  The  text  is  mainly  that  of 
C.  Holzer  (Stuttgart,  1889),  with  a  few  changes  in  orthography 
and  punctuation. 

Isaac  B.  Burgess,  The  Morgan  Park  Academy,  University  of  Chicago  : 
After  considerable  class-room  use,  I  take  pleasure  in  commending  the 
edition  of  Viri  Romce  by  Professor  John  C.  Rolfe.  The  notes  and 
vocabulary  show  care  and  accuracy.  The  marking  of  all  long  vowels 
is  very  valuable  in  elementary  work.  The  hints  for  translation  into 
Latin  admirably  cover  a  good  deal  of  ground  in  a  little  space,  and 
the  exercises  for  translation  from  English  into  Latin  save  a  teacher 
much  work. 

George  H.  Browne,  Browne  and  Nichols  School,  Cambridge,  Mass. : 
Every  time  I  have  looked  over  Rolfe's  Viri  Roma  I  have  admired 
the  aim  and  method  of  its  editor  more  and  more,  and  cannot  commend 
too  highly  the  success  he  seems  to  me  to  have  attained.  After  using, 
I  expect  to  make  the  same  report. 


LA  TfM  23 

Virgil's  Aeneid,  Books  I-VI,  VIII,  IX,  and 
portions  of  the  remaining  books. 

With  Notes,  Vocabulary,  Map,  Illustrations.  Edited  by  DAVID  Y. 
COMSTOCK,  Principal  of  St.  Johnsbury  Academy,  Vt.  121110,  half 
leather,  567  pages.  Price,  $140. 

THIS  school  edition  of  the  Aeneid  is  designed  to  furnish  a 
helpful  guide  to  the  intelligent  reading  of  the  poem.  It 
aims  throughout  to  render  all  requisite  aid  to  the  pupil  of  aver- 
age ability  and  preparation. 

The  Introduction  contains  a  short  outline  of  classical  mythol- 
ogy, a  brief  presentation  of  the  principles  of  prosody,  suggestions 
as  to  the  translation  of  Latin  poetry,  and  explanation  and  illus- 
tration of  grammatical  and  rhetorical  figures. 

The  Text  contains  Books  I-VI,  VIII,  IX,  and  brief  selections 
from  the  other  Books,  thus  enabling  the  student  to  secure  a 
connected  idea  of  the  story  of  the  Aeneid  as  a  whole. 

The  Notes  give  aid  of  the  right  sort,  in  right  measure,  and  at 
the  right  time.  They  avoid  prolixity,  dulness,  and  obscurity, 
and  assume  neither  too  much  nor  too  little  knowledge  on  the 
part  of  the  student. 

F.  W.  Atkinson,  Principal  of  High  School,  Springfield,  Mass. :  I  like  the 
notes  particularly  well :  they  show  a  good  deal  of  common  sense,  to 
say  nothing  of  scholarship. 

D.  W.  Lothman,  Central  High  School,  Cleveland,  O. :  I  have  examined 
with  some  care  Comstock's  Virgil,  and  I  am  pleased  to  say  that  I  regard 
it  as  an  excellent  edition.  The  sections  which  have  been  added  from  the 
last  Books  of  the  Aeneid  furnish  excellent  material  for  sight  reading.  .  .  . 
But  the  real  merit  of  the  book  lies  in  the  notes,  which  are  compact  and 
to  the  point,  and  ought  to  do  much  to  get  both  pupils  and  teachers  away 
from  the  usual  stereotyped  "  schoolboy  translation  "  to  real  English. 

W.  P.  Cope,  Principal  of  High  School,  Hamilton,  O. :  I  have  examined  i 
carefully,  and  I  like  it  better  than  any  other  edition  that  I  have  seen 
It  is  written  to  assist  the  pupil  and  not  to  display  the  learning  of  the 
author.  ...  In  short,  I  think  Comstock's  Virgil  an  ideal  text-book. 

Journal  of  Pedagogy,  December,  1896 :  Altogether  this  edition  by  Mr, 
Comstock  is  one  of  the  most  satisfactory  that  has  appeared  in  this 
country. 


32  LATIN. 

College  Latin  Series. 

ODES  AND  EPODES  OF  HORACE. 

Edited  by  Professor   CHARLES   E.  BENNETT,  of  Cornell   University. 
I2mo,  cloth,  464  pages.     Price,  $1.40. 

SATIRES  AND  EPISTLES  OF  HORACE. 

Edited  by  Professor  JOHN  C.  ROLFE,  of  the  University  of  Michigan. 
121110,  cloth,  458  pages.     Price,  $140. 

COMPLETE  WORKS  OF  HORACE. 

Edited  by  Professors  BENNETT  and  ROLFE.    i2mo,  cloth,  922  pages. 
Price,  $2.00. 

In  these  volumes  each  poem  is  preceded  by  a  careful  analysis 
giving  in  a  line  or  two  all  necessary  information  regarding  the 
subject,  date,  and  metre.  Each  volume  is  prefaced  by  a  scholarly 
discussion  of  the  life  and  work  of  Horace,  his  metres,  and  lan- 
guage. The  commentary  is  concise,  accurate,  and  eminently 
judicious,  in  all  cases  telling  the  student  all  he  needs  to  know, 
and  never  telling  him  more  than  he  needs,  or  more  than  he  will 
understand  and  appreciate. 

THE  DIALOGUS   OF  TACITUS. 

With  an  Introduction  and  Notes  by  Professor  ALFRED  GUDEMAN, 
izmo,  cloth,  201  pages.    Price,  $1.00. 

THE   AGRICOLA  OF  TACITUS. 

With  an    Introduction   and  Notes  by  Professor  ALFRED  GUDEMAN. 
I2mo,  cloth,  198  pages.     Price,  $1.00. 

THE  AGRICOLA  AND   GERMANIA  OF  TACITUS. 

With  Maps,  Introduction,  and  Notes,  by  Professor  ALFRED  GUDE- 
MAN.     I2mo,  cloth,  366  pages.     Price,  $1.40. 

In  the  Dialogus  is  a  scholarly  discussion  of  the  authorship  of 
the  treatise.  The  Introduction  of  the  Agricola  covers  the  "  Life 
and  Writings  of  Tacitus,"  "  The  Literary  Character  of  the  Agric- 
ola," and  "The  Style  and  Rhetoric  of  Tacitus."  This  introduc- 
tion is  reprinted  in  the  Agricola  and  Ger mania,  which  contains 
also  an  introduction  to  the  Germania,  and  two  valuable  maps, 
one  of  the  British  Isles,  for  the  Agricola,  and  the  other  of  Europe, 
with  both  ancient  and  modern  names,  for  the  Gerniania. 


LATIN.  33 

College  Latin  Series,    continued. 

THE  ANDRIA  OF  TERENCE. 

With  Introduction  and  Notes  by  Professor  HENRY  R.  FAIRCLOUGH,  of 
Leland  Stanford  Junior  University.   I2mo,  cloth,  266  pages.  Price,  $1.25. 

The  introduction  deals  in  a  thorough  yet  concise  fashion  with 
the  Development  of  Roman  Comedy,  the  Plot  of  the  Andria,  the 
Characters  of  the  Andria,  Dramatic  Entertainments,  the  Division 
of  Plays  into  Acts  and  Scenes,  Actors  and  their  Costume,  the 
Theatre,  Prosody,  Metres  and  Music,  and  the  Language.  The 
notes  are  carefully  adapted  to  college  and  university  work. 

THE   CAPTIVI  OF  PLAUTUS. 

With  Introduction  and  Notes  by  Professor  H.  C.  ELMER,  of  Cornell 
University.     I2mo,  cloth,  231  pages.     Price,  $1.25. 

Professor  Elmer's  introduction  is  a  brief  but  comprehensive  sur- 
vey of  Plautus'  life,  his  writings,  metres,  and  language,  Roman 
dramatic  performances,  and  the  history  of  the  text  of  the  Captivi. 

SELECTED  LETTERS  OF  PLINY. 

With  an  Introduction  and  Notes  by  Professor  J.  H.  WESTCOTT,  of 
Princeton  University.    1 2m o,  cloth,  326  pages.     Price,  $1.25. 

The  Introduction  contains  a  Life  of  Pliny,  a  discussion  of  Pliny's 
Style,  and  a  brief  bibliography.  The  Chronology  of  the  Letters, 
and  a  critical  treatment  of  the  text  are  given  in  the  Appendices. 

HANDBOOK  OF  LATIN  INSCRIPTIONS. 

By  W.  M.  LINDSAY,  M.A.,  Fellow  of  Jesus  College,  Oxford.    i6mo, 
cloth,  134  pages.     Price,  $1.25. 

The  author  states  very  clearly  some  of  the  principles  of  form 
changes  in  Latin,  and  gives  a  collection  of  inscriptions  by  way  of 
illustration,  from  the  earliest  period  down  to  Imperial  and  Late 
Latin. 

ROMAN  CONSTITUTIONAL  HISTORY. 

By  Dr.  JOHN  E.  GRANRUD,  of  the  University  of  Minnesota.     12010, 
cloth,  306  pages.     Price,  $1.25. 

The  political  institutions  of  Rome  are  treated  historically  so  as 
to  furnish  collateral  reading  for  students  of  Latin,  and  provide  an 
admirable  introduction  to  further  study  of  the  subject. 


24  LATIN. 

A  Junior  Latin  Booh. 

With  Notes,  Exercises,  and  Vocabulary,  by  Professors  JOHN  C.  RoLFE 
and  WALTER  DENNISON,  of  the  University  of  Michigan,  iztno,  half 
leather,  498  pages.  Price,  $1.25. 

THIS  book  will  appeal  most  forcibly  both  to  those  teachers 
who  are  accustomed  to  begin  the  course  in  Latin  Reading 
with  the  difficult  Gallic  War,  and  to  those  who  prefer  to  pre- 
pare the  way  to  Caesar  by  the  use  of  some  easier  text.  To  the 
former  it  offers  a  book  that  can  be  begun  long  before  their  classes 
can  read  Caesar  —  a  distinct  economy  of  time.  To  the  latter  it 
gives  in  a  single  carefully  graded  volume  the  varied  and  profita- 
ble material  that  has  hitherto  been  available  only  by  the  purchase 
of  several  text-books  —  a  distinct  economy  of  means. 

The  text  consists  of  Fables,  Stories  of  Roman  History  based 
on  Eutropius  and  Livy,  extracts  from  Viri  Romae,  seven  Lives 
of  Nepos,  and  Books  I.  and  II.  of  the  Gallic  War.  The  book 
also  contains  exercises  for  translation  into  Latin,  based  on  the 
text,  and  many  good  maps  and  plans. 

J.  C.  Kirtland,  Jr.,  Phillips  Academy,  Exeter,  N.H. :  We  are  using  Rolfe 
and  Dennison's  Junior  Latin  Book  with  the  class  which  began  the  study 
of  Latin  last  September.  The  Roman  history  especially  appealed  to  us, 
and  we  are  not  surprised  to  find  by  experience  that  it  furnishes  most 
satisfactory  material  for  first  reading. 

J.  Edmund  Barss,  Hotchkiss  School,  Lakeville,  Conn. :  The  selections  are, 
it  seems  to  me,  well  adapted  to  provide  a  substitute  for  the  traditional 
four  Books  of  Caesar.  It  is  an  admirably  common-sense  text-book. 

J  R.  L.  Johnson,  Piedmont  Academy,  Gordonsville,  Va. :  It  is  one  of  the 
most  important  contributions  to  the  study  of  Latin  which  has  appeared 
for  years,  and  one  which  must  inevitably  attract  the  interest  of  all  teach- 
ers, as  it  is  admirably  suited  for  the  purposes  for  which  it  is  intended. 

Nathan  B.  Coy,  Principal  of  Cutler  Academy,  Colorado  Springs,  Col. : 
After  giving  the  Junior  Latin  Book  careful  inspection,  I  do  not  hesi- 
tate to  pronounce  it  the  very  best  book  for  second-year  Latin  with  which 
I  have  any  acquaintance. 

Capt.  C.  W.  New,  St.  John's  Military  Academy,  Delafield,  Wis.  :  1  antici- 
pate good  results  from  the  use  of  the  Junior  Latin  Book.  It  is  fitted 
for  its  purpose  exactly  and  forms  a  good  substitute  for  four  long  Books 
of  Caesar. 


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